Electrons and Bonding

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Flashcards on Electrons and Bonding, created by I Shouldn't be awake on 15/04/2018.
I Shouldn't be awake
Flashcards by I Shouldn't be awake, updated more than 1 year ago
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Question Answer
What does an increase in shell number an increase in shell number n The greater the radius of its orbital
What is the formula for number of electrons within that shell? 2n^2 e.g. in 5 energy level orbital you have 2*5^2 = 50 electrons
how many orbitals can fit into the s/p/d/f-subshell? 1,3,5,7
how many electrons can fit in orbitals of the s/p/d/f sub-shell? 2,6,10,14
Why must electrons have opposite spin in an orbital? Helps counteract repulsion between the - charges, or else they'd just be blasted away and no longer orbit the nucleus
So, in one energy level there are multiple subshells. So n=2 has 2s and 2px/y/z orbitals
Blocks and the periodic table S-block, highest energy electron is in s-subshell. SO highest e- could be in 1s or 5s etc.
What occurs to D-block elements 3d sub-shell energy level when the 3d shell is filled? It falls below the 4s sub-shell
So order of emptying filling in d-block? 4s empty and fills before the 3d
Ionic melting and boiling points Near all are solid at RTP Insufficient energy to overcome strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in the giant ionic lattice. Therefore, high mpt and bpt.
Solubility Soluble in polar solvents dependent on relative strength of attraction within the giant ionic lattice and the attraction of the ions to the water molecules. Therefore decreases as charge increases.
Electrical conductivity Solid- No mobile charge carriers non-conductor liquid/dissolved: Solid ionic lattice breaks down ions free to move as mobile charge carriers
Covalent bonding Strong electrostatic attraction between shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms by an overlap of orbitals, each containing 1 orbital
Why can boron only for 3 bonds? 1s2 2s2 2p1 Only 3 valence (outershell) electrons can participate in covalent bonding.
Sulphur bonding Can tease out all 6 valence electrons to become unpaired to bond with other atoms Expansion of the octet, only available from n=3 onwards
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