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Description
Flashcards by Saif Hussain, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Saif Hussain
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Homeostasis and Responses - B5 | Homeostasis and Responses - B5 |
| Homeostasis | Maintaining a Stable Internal Environment |
| The Nervous System | Detects and Reacts to Stimuli |
| The Nervous System is made up of Different Parts | 1) Central Nervous System (CNS) : - In vertebrates this consists of the brain and spinal cord only. In mammals, the CNS is connected to the body by the sensory neurones and motor neurones. 2) Sensory Neurones : - The neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS 3) Motor Neurones : - The neurones that carry electrical impulses from the CNS to the effectors Effectors : - All your muscles and glands, which respond to nervous impulses |
| Receptors | Receptors are the cells that detect stimuli. There are different types of receptors like taste receptors on the tongue and sound receptors in the ear |
| Synapes | The connection between two neurones |
| Reflexes | Help prevents injury by rapid, automatic response |
| Hormones | Chemical Messengers sent in the Blood |
| The Pituitary Gland - The Endocrine System | - Produces many hormones that regulates the bodies conditions - AKA the 'master gland' |
| Thyroid - The Endocrine System | - Produces thyroxine which helps regulate things like the rate of metabolism, heart rate and temperature |
| Adrenal Gland - The Endocrine System | - Produces adrenaline which is used to prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response |
| The Pancreas - The Endocrine System | - Produces insulin, which is used to regulate the blood glucose level |
| Ovaries - Females only - The Endocrine System | - Produces oestrogen, which is involved in the menstrual cycle |
| Testes - Males Only - The Endocrine System | - Produces Testosterone, which controls puberty and sperm production |
| Nerves | - Very FAST action - Acts for a very SHORT TIME - Acts on a very PRECISE ARE |
| Hormones | - SLOWER action - Acts for a LONG TIME - Acts in a more GENERAL way |
| Controlling Blood Sugar | - When the blood glucose level is too high then insulin is added - When the blood glucose level is too low then glucagon is added |
| The Menstrual Cycle has 4 stages | Stage 1: The uterus lining breaks down for about 4 days Stage 2: Lining of the uterus breaks up Stage 3: An egg is developed and released Stage 4: Lining of the uterus is maintained |
| 4 Hormones that control the Menstrual Cycle | FSH: - Produced in the pituitary glands - Causes and egg to mature Oestrogen: - Produced in the ovaries - Causes the lining of the uterus to grow - Stimulates the release of LH and inhabits release of FSH LH: - Produced by the pituitary glands - Stimulates the release of an egg on day 14 Progesterone: - Produced in the ovaries - Maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle - Inhabits the release of LH and FSH |
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