14047372
| Question | Answer |
| Trade names (at least 4) | Anginine - Lycinate - Minitran - Nitrodur - Nitrolingual spray - Nitrostat |
| Therapeutic class | Antianginal |
| Pharmaceutical class | Nitrate |
| Indications | Acute angina Angina prophylaxis Hypertension assoc. post-surgery |
| Action | Reduces oxygen demand on the heart by reducing pre-load Increases coronary blood flow |
| Therapeutic effects | Decreases BP and decreases pain assoc. with angina |
| Absorption | Easily absorbed dermally & sublingually - however PO does have a first pass effect and isn’t completely absorbed into the bloodstream |
| Metabolism & excretion | Metabolised by the liver and excreted by the kidneys |
| Half-life | three minutes |
| Contraindications & precautions | Hypovolaemia Raised intracranial pressure Significant anemia Wear gloves when applying GTN patch |
| Adverse reactions | CVS: Hypotension, palpitation, peripheral oedema, tachycardia CNS: Headache (treat w/ aspirin), dizziness, weakness GIT: N & V SKIN: rash |
| Interactions | Combined with antihypertensives can create an increased hypotensive effect Alcohol use can lead to increased hypotension |
| Nursing assessments | BP Monitor vital signs Pain assessment if required |
| Education | Caution pt to take drug as prescribed - discontinuation may cause coronary vasospasms - Tell PT to take drug at first sign of chest pain - Tablet needs to be held under tongue - ineffective if swallowed - If pain persists after 10 minutes following 2 doses and rest - seek emergency med. Attention |
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