Cell structure

Description

Leaving Certificate Biology (Cell Structure) Flashcards on Cell structure, created by eimearkelly3 on 04/07/2013.
eimearkelly3
Flashcards by eimearkelly3, updated more than 1 year ago
eimearkelly3
Created by eimearkelly3 over 11 years ago
410
0

Resource summary

Question Answer
Compound microscope 2 lenses (objective and eyepiece)
Simple microscope Single lens
Eyepiece lens Magnify the image
Nosepiece Revolves to put the desired lens into position
Objective lens Magnifies the image
Stage Holds the slide, which contains the object
Diaphragm lever Controls the amount of light reaching the object
Condenser Focuses light on the object (not always present)
Mirror / light source To supply light to the object
Stage height adjustment To allow the long, high power lens to fit over the slide
Clip To hold the slide
Fine adjustment For precise focusing
Coarse adjustment For rough focusing
The units in which cells are measured micrometres
Cytoplasm liquid surrounding the nucleus incuding organelles
Cytosol The liquid surrounding th enucleus not incuding organelles
Protoplasm All living parts of the cell including the nucleus
Stain for animal cells Methylene blue
Stain for plant cells Iodine
Component of plant cell wall Cellulose
What does the vacuole contain? Cell sap - salts, pigments, sugars
Function of the cell wall Support
TEM Transmission electron microscope Sends a beam of electrons through a thin section of the specimen. This shows the internal structure of the specimen in great detail.
SEM Scanning electron microscope Uses a beam of electrons to provide a surface view of the specimen.
Ultrastructure The fine detail of a cell as seen with an electron microscope.
Cell membranes are composed of Proteins, and phospholipids
Water-loving Phosphate head
Water-hating Lipid tail
Double layer Bilayer
Permeability of cell membranes Semi or selectively permeable
transport using energy active transport
Functions of cell membranes The surface of the membrane contains receptors that receive chemical messages from other parts of the body and bring them to the cell. Membranes retain the cells contents Membranes control what enters and leaves the cell. Membranes can allow the free passage of some molecules and prevent the passage of others. In this way they are said to be SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE. e.g. water and oxygen can pass freely but sodium ions and large proteins have to be moved across using energy (ACTIVE TRANSPORT) Membranes give some support to the cell. Membranes recognise molecules that touch them. Membranes are in constant motion --> fluid mossaic model.
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
number of chromosomes in humans 46
Live plant cells without a nucleus Phloem sieve tube cells
Live animal cells without a nucleus Red blood cells
Where are ribosomes made? Nucleolus
Mitochondria Supply energy, aerobic astage of respiration, reproduction by means of binary fission
Chloroplasts Where photosynthesis takes place, contains the green pigment chlorophyll
Light stage of photosynthesis Granum
Dark stage of photosynthesis Stroma
Permeability of cell walls Fully permeable
Function of ribosomes Protein synthesis
Prokaryotes No true nucleus or membrane-enclosed organelles
Eukaryotes True nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles
Show full summary Hide full summary

Similar

Biology AQA 3.1.3 Cells
evie.daines
Biology AQA 3.2.5 Mitosis
evie.daines
Biology AQA 3.1.3 Osmosis and Diffusion
evie.daines
Biology- Genes, Chromosomes and DNA
Laura Perry
Biology- Genes and Variation
Laura Perry
Enzymes and Respiration
I Turner
GCSE AQA Biology - Unit 2
James Jolliffe
GCSE AQA Biology 1 Quiz
Lilac Potato
Using GoConqr to study science
Sarah Egan
Cells and the Immune System
Eleanor H
GCSE Biology AQA
isabellabeaumont