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Question	Answer
1. TRUE/FALSE - Bacterial otitis externa differs from fungal or yeast infections as: A. Discharge is smelly in the external auditory canal.	True. Discharge is smelly in the external auditory canal (EAC) - Aspergillus migra and yeast infections often cause moist debris but are not smelly. The two common bacterial infections are Pseudomonas and Staph aureus. Pseudomonas is very smelly with a typical odour. S aureus is less smelly.
1. TRUE/FALSE - Bacterial otitis externa differs from fungal or yeast infections as: B. There is more likely to be swelling of the skin lining the external auditory canal.	True. There is more likely to be swelling of the skin lining the EAC. Fungal and yeast infections do not cause swelling of the EAC. Bacterial infections are much more likely to cause cellulitis and oedema of the EAC skin, narrowing the lumen of the EAC.
1. TRUE/FALSE - Bacterial otitis externa differs from fungal or yeast infections as: C. The patient feels pain when the pinna is moved.	True. Bacterial otitis externa is very painful, as the skin of the EAC is inflamed, Fungal and yeast infections cause itchiness and blockage, but not normally pain.
2. TRUE/FALSE - otitis media with effusion: A. Needs to be treated immediately.	False. Most glue ear will resolve on its own over a few months.
2. TRUE/FALSE - otitis media with effusion: B. Is a common cause of reversible hearing loss.	True. It is very common cause of conductive hearing loss. It often self resolves, or can be treated with resolution of the hearing loss.
2. TRUE/FALSE - otitis media with effusion: C. Always leads to retraction pockets and atelectasis.	False. No, about 10% will develop retraction and often this is transient. It is important to follow these case up, to check that the retraction is self-resolving.
2. TRUE/FALSE - otitis media with effusion: D. Is an acute infection.	False. Otitis media with effusion is an effusion, having said that it is associated with a biofilm.
3. TRUE/FALSE - regarding grommets: A. It is normal to have discharge through the grommet, that means it is working.	False. The grommet prevents a vacuum in the middle ear and moisture from the mucosa drains down the eustachian tube. There should be no discharge through the grommet; if there is it means the patient has a middle ear infection with drainage through the grommet.
3. TRUE/FALSE - regarding grommets: B. Improve aeration of the middle ear and prevent negative middle ear pressure.	True
3. TRUE/FALSE - regarding grommets: C. Are supposed stay in the tympanic membrane until they are removed.	False. Most will be pushed out of the tympanic membrane and spiral out of the external auditory canal in the wax.
3. TRUE/FALSE - regarding grommets: D. Are always green.	False. They are generally green, blue or white.
4. TRUE/FALSE - complications of AOM may include: A. Rupture of the tympanic membrane and discharge.	True. This may even be an early symptom.
4. TRUE/FALSE - complications of AOM may include: B. Facial nerve palsy.	True. This is rare but possible and thought due to inflammation and/or pressure.
4. TRUE/FALSE - complications of AOM may include: C. Mastoiditis.	True. Mastoiditis is an infection in the bone of the mastoid and has travelled there from a middle ear infection.
4. TRUE/FALSE - complications of AOM may include: D. Otitis media with effusion.	True. Children with otitis media with effusion may have a history of acute otitis media.
5. TRUE/FALSE - cholesteatoma may present with: A. Discharge from the ear for a while.	True. Patients often have a history of discharge for years.
5. TRUE/FALSE - cholesteatoma may present with: B. Scaly skin in one area on the drum.	True. This can be old keratin at the opening of the cholesteatoma sac.
5. TRUE/FALSE - cholesteatoma may present with: C. A deep retraction pocket which you cannot see all the edges of.	True. Cholesteatoma sac may extend far beyond the edges of the tympanic membrane or only just a little deeper.
5. TRUE/FALSE - cholesteatoma may present with: D. Hearing loss.	True. Often the patient experiences conductive hearing loss if the cholesteatoma or associated infection is in the region of the ossicles.

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	Created by Averil Tam almost 6 years ago