1648892
Description
Flashcards by emily.roberts98, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by emily.roberts98
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
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DEFINITIONS-
ORGANELLE
Image:
mitochondria (image/jpg)
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A specialised cell structure made for a specific funtion |
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DEFINITIONS-
NUCLEAS
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nucleus (image/jpg)
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A membrane bound organelle which contains the cell's genetic information and controls the cell's functions |
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DEFINITIONS-
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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RER (image/jpg)
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Series of tubular membranes within a cell studded with ribosomes, involved in transport of materials |
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DEFINITIONS-
GOLGI APPARATUS
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golgi_apparatus (image/jpg)
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An organelle made of vesicles and folded membranes within a cell which packages and sorts proteins |
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DEFINITIONS-
MITOCHONDRIA
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mito (image/jpg)
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An organelle in a cell which produces energy |
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DEFINITIONS-
CHLOROPLASTS
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chloroplast (image/jpg)
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A plastid, which is only found in plant cells, and is where photo synthesis is carried out. Contains chlorophyll |
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DEFINITIONS-
VESICLES
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vesicle (image/jpg)
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Cellular organelle that are composed of a lipid bilayer |
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DEFINITIONS-
LYSOSOMES
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lysosome (image/jpg)
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A specialised vesicle which holds a variety of enzymes |
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DEFINITIONS-
CYTOSKELETON
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cytoskeleton (image/jpg)
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A network of protein filaments which help the cell maintain its shape, helps with cellular and internal movement in eukaryotic cells |
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DEFINITIONS-
UNDULIPODIA AND CILIA
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undulipodia (image/jpg)
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A 'tail' which is present in eukaryotic cells, with a 9+2 pattern |
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DEFINITIONS-
FLAGELLA
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flagellum (image/jpg)
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A thread like structure which whips back and forth to help bacteria, protozoa, eukaryotes etc to swim |
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DEFINITIONS-
VACUOLE
Image:
vacuole (image/jpg)
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A vesicle or 'pocket' within the cytoplasm plant cells which contains fluid and nutrients and also maintains the structure of the cell |
| DEFINITIONS- BACTERIA CELL WALL | The outermost cell layer which protects it from infection and gives it shape. Made of polysaccharides, proteins and lipids |
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DEFINITIONS-
PLANT CELL WALL
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plant_cell_wall (image/jpg)
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The outermost cell layer which keeps its shape and protects it from infection. Made of cellulose |
| DEFINITIONS- PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER | Arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane with hydrophilic tails and hydrophobic heads |
| DEFINITIONS- FLUID MOSAIC MODEL | A model of the cell membrane which has lipid bilayer fluidity and the mosaic refers to the proteins |
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DEFINITIONS-
HYDROPHOBIC
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hydrophobic (image/jpg)
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Something that hates water |
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DEFINITIONS-
HYDROPHILIC
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hydrophilic (image/jpg)
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Something that loves water |
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DEFINITIONS-
CHANNEL PROTEINS
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channel_protein (image/jpg)
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Proteins that help substances that cant diffuse across the membrane, get through the phospholipid bilayer |
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DEFINITIONS-
CARRIER PROTEINS
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carrier_protein (image/jpg)
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Proteins that move substances across membranes |
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DEFINITIONS-
GLYCOLIPIDS
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glycolipid (image/jpg)
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A carbohydrate part attached to phospholipid molecules |
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DEFINITIONS-
GLYCOPROTEIN
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glycoprotein (image/jpg)
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A carbohydrate part attached to protein cells |
| DEFINITIONS- CELL SIGNALLING | How cells communicate which is by signals |
| DEFINITIONS- PASSIVE TRANSPORT | Movement of biochemicals across cell membranes which doesnt need ATP |
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DEFINITIONS-
DIFFUSION
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diffusion (image/jpg)
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The net movement of molecules or ions from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| DEFINITIONS- FACILITATED DIFFUSION | The passive movement of molecules down a concentration gradient aided by transport protein molecules |
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DEFINITIONS-
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Image:
active_transport (image/jpg)
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The movement of substances across membranes against the concentration gradient using ATP and carrier proteins |
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DEFINITIONS-
ENDOCYTOSIS
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endocytosis (image/jpg)
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Taking materials into the cell by surrounding them in a membrane then pinches off to form a vesicle |
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DEFINITIONS-
EXOCYTOSIS
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exocytosis (image/jpg)
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Movement of large quantities out of the cell |
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DEFINITIONS-
OSMOSIS
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osmosis (image/png)
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The movement of free water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential across a partially permeable membrane |
| DEFINITIONS- WATER POTENTIAL | Measured in kilopascals, which measures the amount of solute compared to water, which is 0KPa |
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DEFINITIONS-
SOLUTE
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solute (image/png)
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The solid that dissolves |
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DEFINITIONS-
SOLVENT
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solute (image/png)
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The fluid that the solid dissolves in |
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DEFINITIONS-
SOLUTIONS
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solute (image/png)
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A solute dissolved in a solvent |
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DEFINITIONS-
TURGID
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turgid (image/jpg)
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When a cell is full of water |
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DEFINITIONS-
HAEMOLYSED
Image:
haemolysed (image/jpg)
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When an animal cell bursts because too much water has diffused into it |
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DEFINITIONS-
PLASMOLYSED
Image:
plasmolysed (image/jpg)
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When the cytoplasm in a plant cell gets smaller so the membrane gets drawn away from the cell wall |
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DEFINITIONS-
CRENATED
Image:
crenated (image/jpg)
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When water moves out of an animal cell into its surroundings |
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