All Edexcel GCSE PE key terms

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Cambridge IGCSE and GCSE GCSE PE Flashcards on All Edexcel GCSE PE key terms, created by Millie Berrett on 21/11/2014.
Millie Berrett
Flashcards by Millie Berrett, updated more than 1 year ago
Millie Berrett
Created by Millie Berrett almost 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
Aerobic with oxygen If exercise is not too fast and is steady the heart can supply all the oxygen muscles need
Aesthetic appreciation To be able to see the beauty in a performance
Agility The ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body
Anabolic steroids Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth
Anaerobic without oxygen If exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them
Anorexic Pertaining to anorexia; a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite
Balance The ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of the support with reference to static (stationery) or dynamic conditions of movements, shape and orrientation
Beta blockers Drugs that are used to control heart rate and that have a calming and relaxing effect
Blood pressure Blood pressure is the force exerted by the heart as it pumps blood out of the heart and into the arteries (systolic-high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic)
Body composition The percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone (Boxing, Rugby)
Cardiac output The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute
Cardiovascular fitness The ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time
Cholesterol Cholesterol is a blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts
Circuit training A set of 6 to 10 exercises performed at stations in an organised pattern Each exercise is performed for a specific number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving on to the next exercise
Competence The relationship between: skill, the selection and application of skill, tactics, strategies and compositional ideas; and the readiness of the body and mind to cope with the activity. It requires an understanding of how these combine to produce effective performances
Cooper's run test A test of cardiovascular fitness
Co-ordination The ability to use two or more body parts together
Cross training Using more than one training method
What is diet compared to balanced diet Your diet is what you eat and a balanced diet is what you should eat
Diuretics Drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion
Ectomorph A somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by thinness
Endomorph A somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness
Erythropoietin(EPO) A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count
Exercise Exercise is a form of physical activity which maintains or improves health and or physical fitness
Fartlek training Training that allows and athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different terrain
Fitness Fitness is the abitlity to meet the demands of the environment
FITT F-frequency I-intensity T-time T-type Used to increase the amount of work the body does, in order to achieve overload
Flexibility The range of movement possible at a joint (Gymnastics, badminton, yoga)
Health Health is a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity
Health-related exercise Exercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life
Healthy active lifestyles A lifestyle which contributes positively to physical mental and social wellbeing and includes regular and physical activity
Heart rate The number of times the heart beats each minute
Hypokinetic disease A disease related to too little activity (Hypo means under or too little, Kinetic means energy or activity)
Hypertrophy Scientific term for an increase in size of muscle
Individual differences/needs Matching training to the requirements of an individual
Isometric contractions Muscle contraction which results in increased tension but the length does not alter, for example when pressing against a stationary object
Isotonic contractions Muscle contraction that results in limb movement
Joint a place where two or more bones meet
Ligaments A tissue that joins bone to bone
Mesomorph A somatotype, Individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by musciularity
Methods of training Interval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training, Fartlek training, cross training
Muscular endurance The ability to use the voluntary muscles many times without getting tired (Open water swimming, running)
Muscle groups muscles may be arranged in groups according to location and/or function e.g. the muscles of the leg
Muscular strength The amount of force a muscle can exert againts a resistance (Weight-lifters or Rugby players in a scrum)
Narcotic analgesics Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain
Obese A term used to describe people who are very overfat
Optimum weight Best weight or desirable weight- the best weight a player performs at
Overfat A way of saying you have more body fat than you should have
Overload Fitness can only be improved through training more than you normally do
Overweight Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness)
Oxygen debt The amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which would have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (This results in a shortfall in the oxygen available)
PAR-Q Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
PEP Personal Exercise Programme
Peptide hormones Drugs that cause the production of other hormones
Performance How well a task is completed
PESSCL PE and School Sport Club Links
Physical activity Any form of exercise or movement; physical activity my be planned and structured or unplanned and unstructured (in PE we are concerned with planned and structured physical activity, such as a fitness class)
Power The ability to do strength performances quickly (Power= strength x speed)
Progressive overload To gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur, but without potential for injury
Reaction time The time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of a movement
Recovery The time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition
Rehabilitation Restoring (an injury) to its normal functioning state
Rest The period of time allotted to recovery
Resistance training Training that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work e.g. weight training
Reversability Any adaptation that takes place as a consequence of training will be removed when you stop training
RICE R-rest I-ice C-compression E-elevation A method of treating injuries
Role models A person you can aspire to, to make you into a better person, Often have qualities that we would like to have
Self- esteem Respect for, or a favourable opinion of oneself
Skill-related fitness Exercise which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability
SMART S- specific M- measurable A- achievable R- realistic T- time bound
Socio-economic status May be based on a person's income, education and occupation
Somatotypes Classification of body type
Specificity Matching training to the requirements of an activity
Speed The differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time
Stimulants Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/or physical alertness
Stroke volume The volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during on contraction
Target zone The range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place (60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate)
Tendons A tissue that joins muscle to bone
Training A well-planned programme which uses scientific principles to improve performance, skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness
Training thresholds The boundaries of target zones
Underweight Weighing less than is normal, healthy or required
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