18580806
Description
Flashcards by Nikolas Bosin, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Nikolas Bosin
about 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the source of most quantitative data? | Measurement and measuring things respectively |
| What are the two important questions in respect to measurement? | What do I want to measure? How do I measure it? |
| What are the sources of quantitative data? | - Primary data: self collected data(e.g. surveys) - Secondary data: already existing data is employed (e.g. financial records) - Mixed approaches: creation of quantitative data from secondary sources (patents) |
| Measurement captures use variables to describe something. What are the two "classes" of variables that are important here? | - Variables distinguished by perceivability - Variables distinguished by operationalisation |
| What are the variables distinguished by perceivability? | - Manifest variables (can be observed directly) - Latent variables (cannot be observed directly) |
| What are the variables distinguished by outcome of operationalisation? | - Nominal - Ordinal - Metric |
| What values can the variables of operationalisation have? | - Dischotomous (only two values) - Discrete (few seperate values) - Continuous ("fluid" range of values) |
| How do we call data that was gathered across the sample but at only one point in time? | Cross-sectional data |
| How do we call data that was gathered repeatedly over time through the same observations? | Panel |
| What elements should a survey incorporate? | - Welcome - Legitimation - Motivation |
| What are the steps you have to follow when planning a survey? | 1. Research question and "conversation" 2. Population/sample 3. First draw and feedback not in your sample 4. Pilot test with selected people out of your sample 5. Actual survey |
| Surveys are so called "self-reported variables". Two more self-reported variables would be... | - Open ways (interviewing) - Closed ways (e.g. Likert scale) |
| Gathering primary data it is imortant coming from conceptional to operational definitions. What does that mean? | Doing research, you should limit your questions more and more and make them more precise |
| What is a scale? | A set of items (=questions) that jointly measure a construct |
| What does the Kirton-Adaption-Index measure? | How innovative an individual supposedly is |
| How to test the reliability of my measurement? | Using the following methods: - Test-retest reliability - Parallel test reliability - Split-half reliability - Inter- rater reliability - Internal reliability |
| How can we increase validity of our measurements? | - Use pilot studies - Use existing scales |
| What are things to watch out for when using secondary data? | - Validity and reliability - Biases in measurements |
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