1859667
Description
Flashcards by charlottehyde, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by charlottehyde
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Free Radical | Highly reactive single atom or group of atoms with unpaired electrons. |
| Nucleophile | Ions or molecules with a lone pair of electrons that attack positive ions or positive centres in molecules. |
| Electrophile | Reactive ions or molecules which attack negative ions or centres in molecules. |
| Homolytic fisson | The equal share or electrons in the covalent bond, so when the bond breaks both atoms each take one electron. This produces free radicals. |
| Heterolytic fission | An unequal share of electrons in the covalent bond, so when the bond breaks one atom will be negatively charged (as it has gained an electron) and the other atom will be positively charged (as it has lost an electron). |
| Chain isomerism | Where the carbon arrangement is varied for the same molecular formula. |
| Positional isomerism | Where the position of a functional group or substituent differs, but it still gives the same molecular formula. |
| Functional Group isomerism | Where a different functional group is present, but it still gives the same molecular formula. |
| Geometric isomerism | Takes place when a double bond is present and there is restricted rotation around the double bond. |
| Stereoisomerism | Where atoms are connected in the same order, but with a different arrangement in space. |
| Molecular formula | The number of atoms of different elements in one molecule of a compound. |
| Display formula | Shows all of the atoms and all of the bonds between them in one molecule of a compound. |
| Structural formula | Shows which atoms or groups of atoms are attached to each other. Can also be represented by drawing the display formula as it shows what atoms are attached to each other. |
| Empirical formula | The simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of different elements in a compound. |
| Skeletal formula | Shows the functional group fully, but the hydrocarbon part simply as lines between carbon atoms, omitting the symbols for hydrogen and carbon atoms. |
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