19112
Description
Flashcards by OliviaBridge, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by OliviaBridge
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Outline the 4 positive symptoms of Schizophrenia? | - Delusions -Experiences of control -Hallucinations -Disordered thinking |
| Outline the 3 negative symptoms (loss) of Schizophrenia? | TRIPLE A -Affective flattening (reduction in emotions) -Alogia (poverty of speech) -Avolition (lack of motivation) |
| Outline Carson's beliefs about the DSM III. | Carson - DSM III fixed problems of inter rater reliability - Provided a more reliable system for classifying mental illness (SZ) |
| What did more recent studies (2001) about the diagnosis of SZ find? | Low inter rater reliability of +.11 (Low positive correlation) |
| How did Rosenhans study highlight the unreliability of the classification & diagnosis of SZ? | 'Normal' people went to psychiatric ward - claiming hearing voices/words (thud/hollow/empty). ALL participants were admitted to the ward diagnosed & treated for SZ. |
| What happened in Rosenhans follow up study? | - Rosenhan told hospitals he'd be sending out more 'pseudopaitents'. - Hospitals - 21% detection rate - No participants were sent to the hospital |
| What are the ethical issues associated with Rosenhans studies? | Psychological/Physical harm - Time spent in the ward & Unnecessary treatment (Side effects: Tardive Dyskinesia) Deception - towards hospitals (Follow up study) |
| Outline another study which found issues with the reliability of the diagnosis of SZ. | 50 senior psychiatrists - differentiate between bizarre/non-bizarre symptoms. Inter rater reliability +0.40 (Diagnosis - subjective to psychiatrists interpretation) Lacks reliable method |
| Outline three common co-morbidities in SZ that affect the validity of diagnosis. | -Substance abuse -Anxiety -Depression |
| State the two statistics which Buckley estimated. | - Depression occurs in 50% SZ patients - 47% patients lifetime diagnosis of co-morbid substance abuse. |
| How do co-morbid illness impact upon the diagnosis & treatment of SZ? | Co-morbid illnesses may cause or impact upon that symptoms/characteristics of SZ. - Poor levels of functioning - result of untreated co-morbid physical disorders. |
| What did a study of 6 million hospital records find? | Many non-psychiatric diagnoses. Medical problems - type 2 diabetes - Being diagnosed with mental illness SZ lead to lower standards of medical care = poor levels of functioning |
| What did Klosterklotter's assessment of positive/negative symptoms in terms of the validity of diagnosis find? | Study - 489 admissions - Positive symptoms more valid in the diagnosis of SZ |
| Outline how the prognosis & symptoms of SZ vary significantly. | - SZ rarely have same symptoms - Prognosis - 20% recover to previous functioning - 30% recover with intermittent relapses Lacks validity = varies significantly |
| Outline why there are higher rates of SZ found in African Caribbean's (compared to white counterparts). | - Harrison SZ 8x higher A.C groups - Increase = poor housing/social isolation OR - Cultural differences (Language/Mannerisms) |
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