1946489
Description
Flashcards by Georgia Knight, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Georgia Knight
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Pathogen | A micro-organism that causes disease |
| transmission | passing a pathogen from one individual to another |
| correlation | a change in one variable is reflected by a change in another |
| cause | there is experimental evidence to prove one factor causes another |
| risk | a measure of the probability that damage to health will occur as a result of a given hazard |
| lifestyle factors | factors to do with how we live that contribute to suffering as a disease. these are in our power to change |
| digestion | physical and chemical breakdown of food |
| hydrolysis | splitting up of molecules by adding water to them. enzymes do this |
| monomer | one of many small molecules that combine to form a polymer |
| polymer | larger molecule made up of repeating smaller molecules |
| condensation reaction | when two monosaccharides combine, water is removed. |
| glycosidic bond | the bond in a disaccharide |
| peptide bond | the bond between 2 amino acids in a protein formed by a condensation reaction |
| polypeptide | a long chain of amino acids |
| hydrogen bonds | weak bonds between oxygen and hydrogen holding he secondary structure of protein in a coil |
| activation energy | minimum amount of energy needed to bring about a reaction |
| active site | the region on an enzyme where the substrate fits |
| substrate | the molecule on which the enzyme acts |
| enzyme-substrate complex | formed when an enzyme and a substrate fit together and form temporary bonds |
| denaturation | permenant changes in the structure of a protein - the active site changes shape so substrate no longer fits |
| competitive inhibitor | molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme |
| non - competitive inhibitor | binds to the enzyme at a position other than the active site |
| resolution | the minimum distance apart 2 objects are, so that they look like separate objects under the microscope |
| cell fractionation | the process by which cells are broken up and the organelles separated out |
| prokaryotic cells | cells that lack a nucleus and any membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryotic cells | cells with a nucleus, chromosomes and other membrane bound organelles |
| saturated lipids | fatty acids with only C-C single bonds |
| unsaturated lipids | fatty acids with one or more c=c double bonds |
| hydrophillic | attracted to water |
| hydrophobic | attracted to fat |
| fluid mosaic model | the structure of a cell surface membrane and its various molecules |
| extrinsic proteins | proteins on the surface of the bilayer |
| intrinsic proteins | proteins spanning the bilayer |
| diffusion | the net movement of molecules or ions from a region of high conc. to a region of low conc. |
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