2137766
Description
Flashcards by victoria russ, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by victoria russ
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How did Greece's geography affect its early civilization? | Sea was important because Greece is a peninsula. 80% mountains, allowed for only small patches of farmland. Because of this, many Greeks became traders and sailors. Mountains created natural barriers for areas of Greece and many areas thought of themselves as separate countries with own customs and beliefs. Each city-state was willing to go to war with other city-states to protect itself. |
| the Olympians; 12 main gods & goddesses Ancient Greeks believed they lived on Mt. Olympus | |
| Oracle at Delphi- In ancient Greece, a sacred site used to consult a god or goddess; any priest or priestess who spoke for the gods | |
| acropolis | A fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city; where the Parthenon is located |
| land surrounded on 3 sides by water. Ex. Greece | peninsula |
| Minoans 1st Greek civilization developed on the island of Crete; Arthur Evans named it after legendary King Minos. destroyed by volcano | |
| archaeologist who went to the island of Crete in 1894 to look for evidence of the story of Theseus and the Minotaur | Sir Arthur Evans |
| Mycenaeans | 1st people to speak Greek and be considered Greek; established the city of Mycenae on mainland Greece; very war-like |
| polis | a Greek city state |
| Parthenon- A large temple dedicated to the goddess Athena on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. It was built during the Athenian Golden Age. | |
| Agora | (pronounced 'Ah-go-RAH’) is Greek for 'open place of assembly' ,located below the Acropolis early in Greek history was the area in the city where citizens gathered to discuss politics & debate . Later an open-air markeptace |
| The agora in Ancient Greece | |
| Sophocles | famous Greek playwright; he wrote the tragedy, Oedipus the KIngf |
| amphitheater | outdoor theater it was open to the sky; The Greeks loved drama; one of the most famous amphitheaters is Epidaurus. |
| Theatre at the ancient Greek city of Epidaurus date from the 4th century BCE. Performances are still held there during the summer. | |
| Socrates | Socrates: Father of philosophy; put on trial for corrupting the minds of the youth of Athens; drank poison hemlock |
| Socratic method | the teaching method invented by Socrates; based on asking questions; the point of this teaching style is to get students to recognize the truth for themselves |
| tragedy | a kind of play in which a heroic main character struggles-with the gods, and is ultimately brought down by a personal flaw (No women, used masks, 3 actors + the chorus) |
| Plato | most famous student of Socrates who wrote about Socrates' teachings & trial; established a school known as The Academy |
| a Greek philosopher & scientist; most famous for being a student of Plato's and the teacher of Alexander the Great | |
| What were some achievements of the Ancient Greeks? | |
| The Peloponnesian War | a long war between the 2 largest Greek city-states Athens & Sparta. Athens won. |
| hoplites | Greek soldiers who carried a round shield. a short sword, and a 9 foot spear |
| phalanx | a military formation ; a wall of shields created by soldiers marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation |
| oligarchy | type of government "rule by a few" usually the wealthy aristocracy |
| MOTD | the 4 stages of government in Ancient Athens Monarchies, Oligarchies, Tyrannies, & Democracies (spell out a 4 letter word M-O-T-D |
| Hellenistic Age | name for time when Alexander the Great is king; really refers to the spread of Greek culture, language, ideas; a high point in Greek history |
| Alexander the Great | At 20 years old, he was King of Macedonia. He conquers almost all of the known world. He spreads Greek culture at the same time. |
| Thermopylae | battle where 300 Spartans fought to the death and lost |
| tribute | a payment made by a less powerful state or nation to a more powerful one; In the myth of Theseus & the Minotaur Athens sent 14 youth as tribute to Crete |
| Athens | A Greek city-state and the birthplace of democracy. |
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