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Description
Flashcards by Alejandra Gomez, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alejandra Gomez
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| HEREDITY | The passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring |
| GENETICS | It is the branch of biology that studies heredity |
| ALLELES | Different forms of a gene that control an organism´s traits. Mendel´s “factors” which come by pairs ( XX, xx or Xx) In any case one comes from the father , the other from the mother. |
| DOMINANT ALLELE OR TRAIT | That which produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different, so it marks or dominates over the other allele in the pair. (represented with upper case letter, it´s always written first) |
| RECESSIVE ALLELE OR TRAIT | That which produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical (represented with lower case letter) |
| PHENOTYPE | Visible characteristics of an organism or an organism appearance ( Physical chaacteristic ) |
| GENOTYPE | The genetic characteristics of an organism, resulting from the alleles an organism inherits from its parents. |
| TRAIT | Characteristics that are inherited. A genetically determined variant of a characteristic such as yellow or green flower color for example. |
| HYBRID | Offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait. For example: Height One parent is Tall (T) and the other is short (t) or color one parent is yellow (Y) and the other is green (y) |
| LAW OF SEGREGATION | It states that pair of alleles (factors) must be separated during gametes formation. |
| LAW OF DOMINANCE | It states that one factor in a pair of traits dominates (dominant allele) the others inheritance unless both factors in the pair are recessive. |
| HOMOZYGOUS ORGANISM | That which allele pairs is alike or the same. Homozygous dominant organism: genotype PP for purple flower color Homozygous recessive organism: genotype pp for white flower color |
| HETEOZYGOUS ORGANISM | That which allele pairs are not the same. Heterozygous pea plant for flower color genotype Pp for purple color. |
| MONOHYBRID CROSS | That in which only one characteristic or trait is tracked. For example: The crossing between purple and white flowered plants. |
| MONOHYBRIDS | The offspring of a monohybrid cross |
| DIHYBRID CROSS | That in which two characteristics are tracked. For example: seed color and seed texture tracking. |
| DIHYBRIDS | The offspring of a dihybrid cross |
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