2560723
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what are the three sample types? | -opportunity -volunteer -random |
| what is as opportunity sample? | produced by selecting people who are most easily available at the time e.g. stopping people in the street |
| what is a volunteer sample? | a sample of participants produced by asking for volunteers e.g. putting an advert in the newspaper or noticeboard |
| what is a random sample? | produced using a random technique where everyone in their target population has an equal chance of being selected e.g. drawing participants from a hat |
| what is a strength of an opportunity sample? | its the easiest method |
| why is it easier? | you use who is closest to you so it takes less time |
| what is a limitation of using an opportunity sample? | inevitably bias and lacks representativeness |
| why is it bias? | sample is drawn from a small part of the population e.g. students from one school don't represent the countries school population |
| what is a strength of a volunteer sample? | can give access to a variety of participants |
| give an example of this? | people who read a newspaper can be a wider sample that stopping people in a street |
| what is a limitation of the volunteer sample? | participants may be more highly motivated or have extra time on their hands |
| what is this known as? | volunteer bias |
| what does this mean? | participants may be more willing thus more susceptible to experimenter bias |
| what is a strength of a random sample? | unbiased |
| why is it unbiased? | all members of the target population have an equal chance of selection |
| what is a limitation of random sampling? | it takes more time and effort than other sampling methods |
| why? | you need to obtain a list of all the members in the target population, select your sample and then contact them |
| what is a target population? | the group of people the researcher is interested in |
| what is sampling? | -the process of taking a sample -sampling methods aim to produce a representative selection of the target population |
| what happens if the sample isn't representative? | the study then lacks ecological validity |
| what are stratified quota samples? | groups of participants are selected according to their frequency in the population |
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