3836648
Description
Flashcards by Morgan Babson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Morgan Babson
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 14th Amendment | One of the Civil War Amendments; defined US citizenship and guarantees "equal protection under the laws" |
| De Jure Segragation | Segregation established by law. For example Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson |
| De Facto Segregation | Latin phrase that means "by fact". Segregation that occurred NOT by law but as result of tradition. Ex. In 1900's blacks and whites attended separate churches. |
| Jim Crow Laws | Segregation laws in the South |
| Original Jurisdiction | Authority of a court to hear a case for the FIRST time. |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | The authority of a court to hear a case APPEALED from a lower court. |
| Legal Brief | A written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case. |
| Majority Opinion | A statement that presents the views of the majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding the case. |
| Dissenting Opinion | A statement written by a Supreme Court justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion. |
| "Stare Decisis" | Principal followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a Latin term that means "Let yesterday's decision stand" |
| Precedent | A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case. |
| Due Process of Laws | Means fair and equal treatment in a court of law. |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | (1857) case of a slave named Dred Scott. The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were property, not citizens, and had no rights under the Constitution. |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | (1896) case about Homer Plessy, a black man, who purchased a ticket to ride in the whites only railroad car in Louisiana. |
| Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas | (1954) Banned segregation in public schools. |
| Briggs vs. Elliot | (1954) case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, SC |
| Korematsu vs. U.S. | (1944) During WW11 Japanese American citizens living on the West Coast were moved to internment camps. Supreme Court upheld the President's authority to do this. |
| University of California vs. Bakke | (1978) Supreme Court case on affirmative action. It bars use of racial quota systems in college admissions but also affirmative action programs are constitutional. |
| Reverend J. A. Delaine | Died in 1974, was one of the true heroes in the civil rights struggle to break down the barriers of segregation. |
| Harry Briggs Jr. | His parents, Harry Briggs, Sr. and Eliza Briggs, were one of several groups of parents who filed suit against the school board in Clarendon County, South Carolina. This case, Briggs v. Elliott (1954) eventually became part of the Brown v. Board of Education case which declared that segregated schools were inherently unequal. |
| Thurgood Marshall | Thurgood Marshall was instrumental in ending legal segregation and became the first African-American justice of the Supreme Court. |
| John W. Davis | The lead attorney for South Carolina in the Brown vs. Board of Education case. |
| Earl Warren | The governor of California, who did away with the internment of Japanese Americans |
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