38910586
Description
Flashcards by Valeria Sandoval, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Valeria Sandoval
over 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Organisms | an individual living entity that grows and reproduces as an independent unit |
| Nucleic Acids | A polymer made up of nucleotides, specialized for the storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information (ie. DNA and RNA) |
| Cell | Simplest structural unit of a living organism, and can serve as a building block of tissues in multicellular organisms |
| Prokaryotes | Unicellular organisms that have no nuclei; includes bacteria and prokaryotic archaeans |
| Photosynthesis | Metabolic processes carried out by green plants and cyanobacteria, visible light is trapped and used to convert CO2 into organic compounds |
| Aerobic Metabolism | in the presence of oxygen, or requiring the use to metabolize |
| Anaerobic Metabolism | Metabolism occurs without the use of molecular oxygen |
| Organelles | Any of the membrane-bound organelles within a eukaryotic cell |
| Nucleus | Centrally located compartment, enclosed by a double membrane and contains chromosomes, in cells |
| Endosymbiosis | The engulfing of one cell by another (ex. Mitochondria) |
| Cellular Specialization | Division of labor so that different different cell types are responsible for different functions, in multicellular organisms |
| Genome | The complete DNA sequence for a particular organism or individual |
| Binomial | A taxonomic naming system in which each species is given two Latinized names (genus, species) |
| Phylogenetic Trees | A graphic representation of the lines of descent among organisms or their genes |
| Bacteria | Unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus, possessing distinctive ribosomes, and initiator tRNA, generally containing peptidoglycan in the cell wall |
| Archaea | Unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and a peptidoglycan in the cell wall, eukaryotes are closely related to a type of archaea belonging to the prokaryotic archaeans |
| Eukaryotes | Organisms made up of one or more complex cells in which genetic material is contained in nuclei |
| Model Systems | These include a small group of species that are the subject of extensive research. They're organisms that adapt well to laboratory situations, findings from them can apply across a broad range of species (ex. Drosophila ) |
| Natural History | The study of nature outside a formal hypothesis-testing investigation |
| Quantify | To turn an observation into explicit counts or measures that can be used and verified by others |
| Hypotheses | A tentative answer to a question to which testable predictions can be generated |
| Data | Quantified observations about a system under study |
| Controlled experiment | Experiment in which deliberately changes, or manipulates, one or more of the factors being tested |
| Comparative experiment | Experiment which compares un-manipulated data gathered from different sources |
| Variable | A factor or variable that is compared to a constant |
| Null Hypothesis | the premise that any differences observed in an experiment are simply the result of differences that arise from drawing two finite samples from a population |
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