39650952
Description
| Question | Answer |
| Proton | -Relative charge of 1+ -SI unit for charge +1.60 *-10^19 -Relative atomic mass of 1 -SI unit for mass 1.67*10^-27 |
| Electrons | -Relative charge of -1 -SI unit charge -1.60*10^-19 -Atomic mass of 1/2000 -SI unit mass 9.11*10^-31 |
| Neutrons | -Relative charge of 0 -Relative atomic mass of 1 -No SI unit, as if it has no charge (0 cannot be divided) |
| Specific Charge | Specific Charge (C/kg)= charge (C)/ mass (kg) |
| Nuclide | -A specific nucleus, containing a certain number of protons and neutrons |
| Nuclides of the same element will have... | -The same proton number -Different nucleon (protons and neutron) numbers. (different number of neutrons) -The same number of electrons |
| Isotope | Form of an element that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. |
| Stable nucleus | -Positively charged -Has strong nuclear force, else the nucleus would break apart due to electrostatic repulsion between protons. |
| Strong Nuclear force is.. | A force that keeps the nucleus stable by counteracting the electrostatic force of repulsion between protons. |
| How does the force react at a range of 3fm (3*10^-15 m)? | Negligible -If the protons are separated by more than 3fm (10^-15), the nuclear force is too weak to overcome electrostatic repulsion. |
| How does the force react at a range of 0.5fm (5*10^-14 m)? | -Nuclei do not collapse into a point. -Nuclear forces must be repulsive at small distances (0.5 fm) |
| How does the force react at a range of 0.5-3fm? | -The nuclear force is attractive |
| How will nuclei, with too many NUCLEONS decay? (occurs in very large nuclei) | Alpha decay -An emission of a helium nucleus, formed by 2 protons and 2 neutrons. -Proton number decreases by 2, nucleon number decreases by 4. |
| How do nuclei with too many NEUTRONS decay? | Beta decay -A neutron decays into a proton, releasing an electron and an neutrino. -Proton number increases by 1, nucleon number stays the same. |
| How was the existence of the neutrino hypothesised? | -The energy of all the particles after beta decay was lower, than before. -A particle with 0 charge and negligible charge must carry away this excess energy. |
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