4059900
| Question | Answer |
| ATOMIC NUMBER | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| MASS NUMBER | The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASS | The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of C-12. |
| RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS | The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of C-12. |
| ISOTOPES | Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons. |
| MOLE | The amount of substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of C-12. |
| AVAGADRO'S CONSTANT | The number of particles per mole of a substance. |
| MOLAR MASS | The mass, in g, per mole of a substance. |
| EMPIRICAL FORMULA | The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound. |
| MOLECULAR FORMULA | The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. |
| WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION | The water present in a compound giving the compound a crystalline appearance. |
| ACID | Releases H+ ions in a solution (proton donor). |
| BASE | A proton acceptor. |
| ALKALI | A soluble base that releases OH- ions when in a solution. |
| SALT | A compound produced when a H+ ion from an acid is replaced by a metal or another positive ion, such as the ammonium ion. |
| ANHYDROUS | When all the waters of crystallisation have been removed from a compound. |
| HYDRATED | When water of crystallisation is present in a crystal compound. |
| OXIDATION NUMBER | A measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of a different element. |
| OXIDATION | The loss of electrons (an increase in oxidation number -state). |
| OXIDISING AGENT | A reagent which oxidises another species (gets reduced itself). |
| REDUCTION | The gain of electrons (a decrease in oxidation number -state). |
| REDUCING AGENT | A reagent which reduces another species (gets oxidised itself). |
| REDOX | A reaction where both oxidation and reduction take place. |
| DISPLACEMENT REACTION | A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from an aqueous solution of its halide ions. |
| DISPROPORTIONATION | A reaction in which an element is simultaneously oxidised and reduced. |
| ATOMIC ORBITAL | A region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins. |
| s/p/d BLOCK ELEMENT | Highest energy sub-shell is a s/p/d sub-shell. |
| IONIC BONDS | The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
| COVALENT BONDS | The sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms. |
| DATIVE (CO-ORDINATED) BOND | The sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms where only one of the atoms supplies both the electrons shared. |
| ELECTRONEGATIVITY | The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. |
| METALLIC BONDING | The attraction of positive metal ions to delocalised electrons. |
| PERIODICITY | The repeating pattern of trends across different periods. |
| HYDROGEN BOND | A dipole-dipole attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen on one molecule and a lone pair or electrons on a highly electronegative atom (N,O,F) of another molecule. |
| FIRST IONISATION ENERGY | The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one more of gaseous 1+ ions. Units are KJ mole-1. |
| SUCCESSIVE IONISATION ENERGY | A measure of the energy required to remove each electron in turn. |
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