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| Question | Answer |
| De facto standards | De facto standards are accepted as the best standard for their purpose. They have evolved to be accepted because of wide public support and market forces. This is often because they have a proven track record for efficiency and reliability. |
| De jure standards | Are ones which have been set by formal authorities like the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Examples include: USB, FireWire, HDMI. |
| Proprietary Standards | These are designed, created, maintained and controlled by a licence agreement which is owned by an organisation or individual, i.e. privately owned. Proprietary standards may be free to use, but the file specification is often closed rather than being open. These are very common and include things like: DOC files and MP3 |
| Open Standards | Open standards are usually controlled by a Creative Commons licence or they are unlicensed. They can be used by anyone. Normally, they will have been developed by experts collaborating online. The source code behind files and programs created using open standards will normally be open source which means the code should be freely available. Anyone could look at the code and make improvements. |
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