Welfare Policies 1997-2010

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AS - Level Sociology (Work, Poverty and Welfare) Flashcards on Welfare Policies 1997-2010, created by Joe Allen on 06/04/2016.
Joe Allen
Flashcards by Joe Allen, updated more than 1 year ago
Joe Allen
Created by Joe Allen over 8 years ago
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Question Answer
What are Levitas' (1998) MUD, RED and SID? MUD: Moral underclass discourse RED: Re-distributionist discourse SID: Social integrationist discourse
What is 'passive welfare'? Welfare characterised by dependency, tax raises, spending and inefficiency
What is 'active welfare'? Welfare that enables people to improve their position
Give three values that the Third Way emphasises 1. Equality of opportunity 2. Reward according to merit 3. Responsibility
What was the 'windfall tax'? A tax on the profits of privatised utilities like gas and electricity companies. Money used to fund more training and job opportunities for the unemployed
Which age group was the Welfare to Work scheme aimed at? Under 25s
Give four options for those on the Welfare to Work programme 1. 12 months full-time study 2. Subsidised employment for business 3. 6 months' employment with a voluntary sector employer 4. 6 months with an environmental task force
What happened to those who refused to participate in the Welfare to Work scheme? They were at risk of losing benefit
Give one criticism from Sinclair (2006) Focus on social exclusion detracts emphasis from redistribution of income
Give three criticisms from Bartholomew (2006) 1. Hasn't diminished state intervention 2. Hasn't reduced taxes 3. Hasn't decreased spending on welfare
What was the Social Exclusion Unit? Discourages truancy and drug dependency by withdrawing benefits from those who refuse rehabilitation
In what year was the minimum wage introduced? 1999
Describe the targets set for child poverty 1999: Reduce child poverty by a quarter by 2004, by a half by 2010 and completely by 2020
Were child benefits raised or lowered under New Labour? Raised
Which two budgets provided extra resources for disadvantaged areas? 1. New Deal for Communities 2. Single Regeneration
Give two advantages of Foundation trusts 1. Money could be borrowed privately 2. Pay-scales for staff
Give one criticism of Foundation Status The quality of care could differ between regions
Which sector is the 'Welfare to Work' scheme at risk of under-valuing? The informal welfare sector
According to Page (2002), by how much did government policies reduce child poverty? By 1 million
According to Goodman et al. (2003), how many pensioners were lifted out of poverty under New Labour? 400,000
What did New Labour introduce for pensioners and children? Pension tax credit and child tax credit
To whom was the child tax credit paid? Most families with children
According to Page (2005), what did the Gini coefficient indicate about income inequality under New Labour? Income inequality rose
According to Hills and Stewart (2005) what was the trend for relative poverty under New Labour? There was a small reduction
What is the Family Intervention Project? A project aimed at tackling the passing of poverty from one generation to another
Which families were targeted by the Family Intervention Project? Those experiencing unemployment, illness and anti-social behaviour
What was the Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy? Aimed to regenerate the most deprived communities and improve their health and education
According to the Department for Education (2011), what proportion of families made significant improvement with the Family Intervention Project? 46%
According to official statistics from 2011, by what proportion did anti-social behaviour decrease for families who worked with the Family Intervention Project? 58%
According to the Department for Social Development (2014), name two positive effects of the Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy 1. Leads to improved educational achievement 2. Greater sense of pride amongst neighbourhoods
According to Levitas (1998), which two discourses did Labour emphasise? SID and MUD
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