5280131
Description
Flashcards by kaylynking, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kaylynking
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Respiration | - Exchange of gas between organism and environment - Basic energy source for speech |
| Trachea | - tube of ~20 cartilaginous rings that are incomplete posteriorly for direct contact with esophagus -1st Tracheal ring = largest and connects to inferior border of cricoid cartilage - extends from larynx starting @ 6th cervical vertebra /-Bifurcates into Left and Right primary bronchi @ 5th thoracic vertebra |
| Bronchi | - Tubes of cartilaginous rings bound by fibroelastic tissue extending from lungs upwards to trachea - Down in lungs bronchi divide into bronchioles and become less cartilaginous and more muscular. Divide repeatedly and ultimately communication w/ alveolar ducts that open into tiny air sacs |
| Lungs | -Soft, spongy, porous, elastic, and pink -rich vascular supply - numerous air sacs - located in thoracic cavity - Right Lung = shorter/broader/bigger due to liver forcing it in upwards direction |
| Fact Card (Respiratory) | Too much C02 in blood cells triggers medula oblongata ( in brain-stem) to fire impulses to respiratory muscles. |
| Fact Card (Exhalation) | Duration of exhalation during speech is longer than during non-speech. |
| Summary Card (Respiration) | Respiration, the process of breathing involving an exchange of gas between an organism and its environment, it is necessary for life and essential for speech. |
| Summary Card (Respiration) | The framework of respiration supports the muscles necessary for respiration to take place. These muscles include 2 primary categories: thoracic muscles for inspiration and abdominal muscles for expiration |
| Spinal Column | - 32 - 33 individual vertebrae divided into 5 segments: 1) 7 Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7) 2) 12 Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12) 3) 5 Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5) 4) 4 Sacral Vertebrae (S1-S5)fused/Adults 5) 3-4 Fused coccygeal Vertebrae (Coccyx) |
| Fact Card (Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae) | T1-T12 = Attachment for ribs L1-L5 = large good for weight bearing |
| Abdominal Muscles of Expiration | - latissimus dorsi -rectus abdominis - transverse abdominis -internal oblique abdominis -quadratus lumborum |
| Latissimus Dorsi | - abdominal muscle of expiration C6-C8 - Stabilizes posterior abdominal wall for expiration |
| Rectus Abdominis | - abdominal muscle of expiration T7-T12 - Flexes vertebral column |
| Transversus Abdominis | - abdominal muscle of expiration T7-T12 - Compresses abdomen |
| Internal Oblique Abdominis | -Abdominal muscle for expiration T7-T12 - Compresses abdomen -flexes and rotates trunk |
| Quadratus Lumnorum | -abdominal muscle for expiration T12, L1-L4 - Supports abdominal compression through bilateral contraction (fixes abdominal walls) |
| Posterior Thoracic Muscles of Exhalation | -subcostal muscle -serratus posterior inferior muscles |
| Subcostal Muscle | -posterior thoracic muscle for exhalation - depresses thorax |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscles | - thoracic muscle for exhalation - when contracted, pull rib cage down (making space for lungs decreased) |
| Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration | 1. Pectoralis Major 2. Pectoralis Minor 3. Serratus Anterior 4. Levator Scapulae 5. Rhomboideus Major 6. Rhomboideus Minor 7. Internal Intercostal 8. Innermost Intercostal 9. Transversus Thoracis |
| Pectoralis Major | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration C4-T1 - Increases transverse dimension of rib cage through elevation of sternum |
| Pectoralis Minor | -Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration C4-T1 -Increases transverse dimension of rib cage |
| Serratus Anterior | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration C5-C7 - Elevates ribs 1-9 |
| Levator Scapulae | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration C3-C5 - Elevates scapular, supports neck |
| Rhomboideus Major & Rhomboideus Minor | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration C5 -Stabilizes shoulder girdle |
| Internal Intercostal & Innermost Intercostal | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration T2-T11 - Depresses ribs 1-11 |
| Transversus Thoracis | - Should and Upper Arm Muscles involved with Respiration T2-T6 Depresses ribs 2-6 |
| Neck Muscles involved with Respiration | 1. Sternocleidomastoid 2. Trapezius |
| Sternoclediomastoid | - Neck Muscles involved with Respiration -Elevates the sternum (& thus indirectly, the rib cage) |
| Trapezius | - Neck Muscles involved with Respiration - controls head and elongates neck (thus indirectly influencing respiration) |
| Thoracic Muscles of Inspiration | 1. Diaphragm 2. Abdomen 3. Internal Intercostal Muscles 4. Serratus Posterior 5. Levator Costarum Brevis 6. Levator Costarum Longis 7. External Intercostals |
| Diaphragm | - Thoracic Muscle of Inspiration - floor of chest cavity -thick, dome shaped muscle -separates abdomen from thorax -lungs rest upon it |
| Abdomen | - Includes various Thoracic Muscles of Inspiration |
| Internal Intercostal Muscles | - 11 Paired Thoracic Muscles of Inspiration - pull ribs downward to decrease diameter of thoracic cavity |
| External Intercostals | - 11 Paired Thoracic Muscles of Inspiration T2-T11 -Elevate Rib Cage |
| Serratus Posterior Superior | - Thoracic Muscle of Inspiration C7, T1-T4 - Elevates Rib Cage |
| Levator Costarum Brevis & Levator Costarum Longis | - Thoracic Muscle of Inspiration T2-T12 -Elevates Rib Cage |
| Thoracic Cage | - AKA Rib Cage/Chest - Cylindrical structure -houses and protects heart, lungs, and other organs - Composed of: ->Sternum Anteriorly -> 12 Thoracic Vertebrae Posteriorly -> 12 Pairs of Ribs connect laterally from vertebrae to individual costal cartilages |
| Xiphoid Process | Small cartilaginous structure found posteriorly to corpus of sternum |
| Corpus of Sternum | - long and narrow body of sternum - Cartilages of ribs 2-7 attach here |
| Manubrium | - Uppermost segment of Sternum - Provides attachment for clavical and 1st rib |
| Sternum | - AKA Breastbone -Located on superior, anterior thoracic wall - consists of 3 parts: 1. Manubrium 2. Corpus 3. Xiphoid Process |
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