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| Question | Answer |
| What was a cheep steal making processes and when was it designed? | Bessemer Process Designed 1856 |
| What was Lassie-fare? | Let the people do as they wish, freedom for people of Britain with limited interference from the government. |
| What was the act that gave UK authorities the right to enforce planning and health? | The Health Act of 1875 |
| What is a union? | An organisation representing a group of workers. |
| What was the Factory Act of 1833? | The Factory Act banned children under the age of 9 from working. |
| Define food security. | The availability of nutritious foods and and a persons access to it in order to sustain life. |
| What are the risks of food security? | 1. Only 30% of the worlds biomes are suitable for agriculture 2. Altering the natural environment 3. Population growth |
| What is meant by the term, undernourishment? | Having insufficient or other substances for good health and condition. |
| What is meant by the term, Over-Nourishment? | To nourish excessively so as to hinder growth and metabolism. |
| Why is their disparity in nourishment globally? | - high food prices -population growth (less food for everyone) |
| What was the Green Revolution? Briefly outline each. | 1st = stop Mexico from relying on wheat 2nd = Transforming agriculture in developing countries. |
| What were the benefits of the Green Revolution? | - self sufficient - Saved people from hunger - Grain production trippled |
| What are Genetically Modified (GM) foods? | Engineered specific genes to alter the genetic structure of plants. |
| What are the pros of GM Foods? | Withstand climate change Prevents mass crop extinction Increases genetic diversity Looks and Tastes better More productive |
| What are the cons of GM Foods? | Health issues (harmful toxins) Low nutritional value Could cause unforeseen disasters Cross-contaminate crops Lower genetic diversity |
| What was the agricultural revolution? | A period of transition from more traditional farming methods to more modernised methods (e.g. use of pesticides) |
| Define the cottage industry: | The production of goods by small groups of people often in their own houses or workshops |
| Define Industrialisation: | the development of industry in a country or region on a wide scale. |
| Why did the industrial revolution begin in Britain? | - Access to raw materials (e.g. coal & iron) - Agricultural stability (agricultural revolution) - Population growth = more workers - Financial innovations |
| Name the 3 major technological breakthroughs of the Industrial Revolution: | 1. Power Loom -> Edward Cartwright ->1785 2. Cotton Gin -> Eli Whitney -> 1793 3. Bessemer process -> Henry Bessemer -> 1856 |
| Why is the steam engine so significant? | - Produced power needed to drive machinery - Saved money on labour - Increased production rate - Coal substitution |
| What major industries developed? | 1. Cotton Industry 2. Iron Industry |
| how did transport improve? | things became more affordable for the middle class to travel (mass production = cheep labour) |
| How did communications improve? | Communication effectively connected people from all over Britain via the introduction / invention of the telephone or telegraph. |
| Why did the enclosed system increase food production? | It allowed room for experimentation (i.e. pesticides, fertilisers etc). Allowed room for selective breeding and seed selection |
| sate the positive impacts of the industrial revolution: | - improved quality of life - technology developed - growth of trade unions - the development of communications |
| state the negative impacts of the industrial revolution: | - air and water pollution - life threatening diseases and illnesses - pollution of the environment - hard long hours of manual labour for workers |
| What was the first country in Asia to be industrialised? | J |
| What was the iron making process called? | Smelting |
| What was the process of making RAW iron called? | Puddling process |
| What decade was the first canals built? | 1800's |
| What was a village common? | A large piece of land which people had common rights over. |
| What decade was the enclosed system introduced? | 1740's |
| What was the main feature of the enclosed system? | Little bits of land came together to form large fenced off areas for agricultural uses |
| What was the money used to invent factories? | Capital |
| What were the business men of this time referred to as? | Entrepreneurs |
| What were the other European countries that the industrial revolution spread to? | 1. Russia 2. France 3. Germany |
| What is the definition of the canton system? | was a system implemented by China to control trade. |
| Define imperialism: | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonisation |
| What is opium | Opium is an addictive drug created from the juice of the opium poppy. |
| What are merchants? | a business person who trades products produced by other people in order to earn a profit. |
| What is a trade deficit | A trade deficit represents an outflow of domestic currency to foreign markets. |
| What is monopoly? | the exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service. |
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