Th1L04: Amino Acids and Proteins/ Protein Structure and Function (FCs)

Question	Answer
Define glycosylation	the reaction in which a carbohydrate, i.e. a glycosyl donor, is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of another molecule (a glycosyl acceptor)
Phosphorylation (2 roles)	• Cell signal transduction, e.g. phosphorylation of tyr in insulin receptors • Change in activity of enzyme, e.g. phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase in response to glucagon
Methylation is vital for what process	Gene expression (specifically histones)
Primary structure	Sequence of aa in peptide chain
Secondary structure	Folding/coiling of peptide chain (usually into an alpha-helix to a beta-pleated sheet
Tertiary structure	3D structure, complete with various folds
Quaternary structure	· Folded peptide chains join together · May consist of a number of subunits
Supersecondary structure	· Combinations of alpha-helix and beta-sheet form common domains found in protein · 100s exist · Quite common · Certain arrangements frequently found because they are the most energetically stable

Resource summary

	Created by Emma Allde almost 8 years ago