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Description
Flashcards by Payton Brigman, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Payton Brigman
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Mesopotamia | name means "land between the rivers" where the first civilizations began; present day Iraq & Syria |
| Fertile Crescent | the region in the Middle East which curves, like a quarter-moon shape; Known as the Cradle of Civilization |
| Polytheistic | belief in MANY gods; Ancient Sumerians believed in over 3,000 gods |
| Ziggurat | the massive platform that the Sumerians built their religious temples on |
| Theocracy | means "rule by god"; describes a govt. where the ruler is thought to be a God ex. Ancient Egypt |
| Cuneiform | First writing system developed the Sumerians |
| Hammurabi's Law Code | first written laws; given to people of Ancient Babylon by King Hammurabi; very strict laws based on principle of an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth |
| Patriarchal | describes a society dominated by men |
| Nile River | the longest river in the world; Egytp is often called "the gift of the Nile River"; Egyptians depended on the Nile for everything |
| Inundation | the annual flooding of the Nile River. The flood river leave behind rich fertile mud |
| Silt | rich black mud left behind from the flooding of the Nile River |
| King Menes | king who united Lower & Upper Egypt around 3100 BC |
| Dynasty | means "Great House of"; a family of rulers |
| Pharaoh | name for Egyptian KIng |
| "Ka" | ancient Egyptians thought that when someone died the Ka, or life of force, left the physical body; the Ka could drink and eat, but it was stuck in the tomb in the body of the mummy of the small statues that were in the tomb. |
| "Ba" | The Ba was the part of the soul that embarked on a journey to follow the gods; the symbol of the Ba is often shown as a bird with a human head and wings |
| Mummification | It was very important to ancient Egyptian religious beliefs that the human body was preserved. Their method of preserving the body was called mummification. This process lasted up to 70 days. |
| Canopic Jars | containers used to hold the internal organs (lungs, stomach, intestines, liver) of the deceased that was going to be mummified; the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the four sons of Horus. |
| Sarcophagus | a sarcophagus formed the outer layer of protection for a royal mummy, with several layers of coffins nested within, and was often carved out of alabaster. |
| KIng Khufu | earned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the Great Pryamid at Giza which he built to serve as his tomb |
| the Great Pyramid | largest of the 3 pyramids at Giza; built by King Khufu; the only monument of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World to survive. |
| King Khufu's Boat | discovered in 1952 buried under the Great Pyramid; it would be needed to ferry King Khufu's spirit across the sky to be with Ra, the sun god |
| Great Sphinx | one of the largest and oldest statues around the world. Archeologists believe that it was carved around 2500 BC and that the head is meant to be the likeness of the Pharaoh Khafra. |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyptian picture writing |
| The Rosetta Stone | a stone with writing on it in 2 languages (Egyptian and Greek) |
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