761678
Description
Flashcards by amyroskilly, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by amyroskilly
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| With reference to Carbohydrate, explain the difference between a condensation reaction and a hydrolysis reaction | Condensation - When two monosaccharides join to form a disaccharide by the elimination of water forming a glycosidic bond Hydrolysis - When a disaccharide is broken into two monosaccharides by the addition of water breaking the glycosidic bond |
| State whether these carbohydrates are mono-, di-, or polysaccharides. Also give their role in living organisms. State whether each occur in animals, plants or both. - Lactose - Cellulose - Glucose - Glycogen | Lactose - Disaccharide - Plants and animals - Energy Cellulose - Polysaccharide - Plants - Structural Glucose - Monosaccharide - Plants and animals - Energy Glycogen - polysaccharide - Animals - Energy Store |
| Hydrophilic | Attracts water (Water loving) |
| Hydrophobic | Repels water |
| Name the products formed and the type of bond broken when a tryglyceride is broken down | It is broken down into one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids with the addition of water and therefore breaking the ester bond |
| Suggest why parts of organisms that move, such as seeds, use lipids as an energy store rather than carbohydrates | When oxidised lipids produces twice as much energy as the same amount of carbohydrate. so therefore storage is lighter |
| What is meant my metabolic water? | The water produced from the oxidation of food |
| State two differences between a triglyceride and a phospholipid | A triglyceride has three fatty acid molecules, no phosphate groups and is non-polar. A phospholipid has two fatty acid molecules, a phosphate group and a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. |
| Which end of the phospholipid molecule lies to the outside of the membrance | The hydrophilic Heads |
| State through which part of the membrane each of the following passes in order to enter or leaving a cell 1. Sodium Ion 2. A lipid soluble molecule | 1. Intrinsic protein 2. Phospholipid |
| List the four bonds present in the tertiary structure of a protein | Peptide Hydrogen Disulphide Ionic |
| Classify the following proteins as fibrous or globular: - Insulin - Collagen - Keratin - Lysozyme (an enzyme) | Insulin- Globular Collagen - Fibrous Keratin - Fibrous Lysozyme - Globular |
| Why is water described as a polar molecule? | - it carries an unequal distribution of charge - Oxygen has a slightly negative charge - Hydrogen has a slightly positive charge |
| State what property of water allows the following? - How insects are able to walk on water - How fish are able to live in a frozen pond - Why does sweating keep us cool | - High surface tension - Water density - ice is less dense and floats on top acting as an insulating layer - High Latent Heat |
| Why are the following properties of water important to living organisms? 1. It is a universal solvent 2. It is transparent | 1. to allow chemical reactions to take in solution 2. to allow light to pass through for photosynthesis |
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