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Description
Flashcards by jenny_m1711, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jenny_m1711
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Agricultural Density | The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture |
| Agricultural Revolution | The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering |
| Arithmetic Density | The total number of people divided by the total land area |
| Census | A complete enumeration of a population |
| Crude Birth Rate | The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society |
| Crude Death Rate | The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society |
| Demographic Transition | The process of change in a society's population for a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population |
| Demography | The scientific study of population characteristics |
| Dependency Ratio | The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force |
| Doubling Time | The number of years needs to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase |
| Ecumene | The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement |
| Epidemiologic Transition | Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition |
| Epidemiology | Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality |
| Industrial Revolution | A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods |
| Infant Mortality Rate | The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society |
| Life expectancy | The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live |
| Medical Revolution | Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to love longer and healthier lives. |
| Natural Increase Rate | The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate |
| Overpopulation | The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living |
| Pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population |
| Physiological Density | The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture |
| Population Pyramid | A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex |
| Sex Ratio | The number of males per 100 females in the population |
| Total Fertility Rate | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years |
| Zero population growth | A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero |
| Brain Drain | Large scale emigration by talented people. |
| Chain Migration | Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there |
| Circultation | Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis |
| Counterurbanization | Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries |
| Emigration | Migration from a location |
| Floodplain | The area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends |
| Forced Migration | Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors |
| Guest Workers | Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern and Western Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs |
| Immigration | Migration to a new location |
| Internal Migration | Permanent movement within a particular country |
| International Migration | Permanent movement from one region of a country to another |
| Interregional Migration | Permanent movement within one region of a country |
| Migration | From of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location |
| Migration Transition | Change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition |
| Mobility | All types of movement from one location to another |
| Net Migration | The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration |
| Pull factor | Factor that induces people to move to a new location |
| Push Factor | Factor that induces people to leave old residences |
| Quotas | In reference to migration, laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year |
| Refugees | People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion. |
| Unauthorized Immigrants | People who enter a country without proper documents |
| Voluntary Migration | Permanent movement undertaken by choice. |
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