8015663
Description
Flashcards by Aoibhe Casey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Aoibhe Casey
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Autotrophic | organism that makes its own food |
| heterotrophic | organism that obtains its food from another organism |
| osmosis | the movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration across a semi-permeable membrane |
| Diffusion | the passive movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration |
| Semi-Permeable | selective permeability controls the movement of biomolecules across cell membranes |
| Cancer | group of disorders in which cells loose their ability to control the rate of mitosis and the number of times mitosis takes place |
| cell continuity | all cells develop from pre-existing cells |
| chromosomes | tightly coiled structures hat contain DNA and protein |
| Centromere | point at which te double stranded chromosomes are held together |
| Homologous pair | two chromosomes of similar size with the same sequence of genes ( diploid chromosomes ) |
| The cell cycle | changes that take place between one cell division and the next one |
| mitosis | nuclear division where one nucleus becomes 2, each with the same number of chromosomes |
| Meiosis | Nuclear division where one cell becomes 4 daughter cells with half the chromosome number |
| fertilisation | fusion of an egg cell and sperm to form a zygote |
| Dominant | an allele that masks the effect of another |
| recessive | an allele who's effect is only expressed in a homozygous condition |
| variation | variation/diversity is the differences in characteristics between individual members of the same species. |
| species | a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring |
| mutation | sudden change in the structure or amount of DNA |
| tissue culturing | growth of cells in or on sterile nutrient medium outside an organism |
| co-dominance | incomplete dominance neither allele is completely expressed eg.roan cattle |
| response | activity of an organism or part of an organism as a result of a stimulus |
| stimulus | anything that causes a response in an organism |
| growth regulator | chemical that controls the growth of a plant |
| tropism | growth response of a plant to a stimulus |
| phototropism | growth of a plant in response to light |
| geotropism | growth of a plant in response to gravity |
| thigmotropism | growth of a plant in response to touch |
| hydrotropism | growth response of a plant to water |
| chemotropism | growth response of a plant to chemicals |
| auxin | plant growth promoter ( IAA - indole acetic acid ) |
| nutrition | the way in which organisms obtain and use their food |
| transpiration stream | the movement of water through a plant |
| transpiration | the loss of water from the aerial parts of plants |
| osmosis | the movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration |
| root pressure | the force exerted by water within the xylem tissue of the roots |
| plants | multicellular and photosynthetic organisms ( monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous ) |
| meristem | composed of unspecialised cells that are continuously dividing by mitosis. |
| venation | veins |
| bud | undeveloped shoot ( auxiliary / apical / adventitious ) |
| vascular system in plants | composed of xylem and phloem |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal environment ( e.g. temp regulation ) |
| endocrine gland | an organ that secretes a hormone directly into the bloodstream |
| hormone | a chemical messenger that is secreted by an endocrine gland directly into the bloodstream where it travels to an organ/tissue where it exerts a specific effect |
| exocrine gland | an organ that secretes its product into a duct |
| Lymph | a clear liquid that is collected from around cells and is transported by the lymphatic system back to the bloodstream |
| lymph vessels | narrow, dead-ending tubes that transport lymph and are present in every organ and tissue in the body |
| lymph nodes | small, spherical shaped organs of the lymph system that contain many white blood cells |
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