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Description
Flashcards by Sarah Eberle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sarah Eberle
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Anion | An atom that gains an electron and therefore becomes negatively charged |
| Atom | - building blocks of matter -a particle that wants its outermost layer to have eight electrons (Octet Rule) |
| Atomic Mass | -the number of protons and neutrons |
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Cation
Image:
Cation (image/jpeg)
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- when an atom gains a proton and becomes positive |
| Chemical Change | - when two substances combine to form a new substance |
| Compound | - a pure substance composed of two or more different atoms |
| Covalent Bond | - a bond that occurs due to the sharing of electrons by two atoms |
| Dot Diagram | - used to show the number of valence electrons in an atom |
| Double Bond | -a chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms |
| Triple Bond | - the strongest type of bond |
| Endothermic | - chemical reaction where heat is absorbed - something that will bring heat in or use heat up |
| Energy levels | -may be thought of as an orbit followed by electrons around an atom's nucleus |
| Enzymes | -A protein molecule that helps other organic molecules enter into chemical reactions with one another but is itself unaffected by these reactions |
| Exothermic | -an exothermic reaction releases heat |
| How are chemical reactions altered? | - temperature, state of matter, and the mixing process can effect a chemical reaction |
| HOW do chemicals react? | -when the molecules within an atom "rearrange" and cause either a physical or chemical change |
| Ionic bond | -a bond between ions and involves the transfer of electrons |
| Law of conservation of mass | -this law says mass is never created or destroyed, it is just moved around |
| Metals | - have a high chemical reaction -form cations when compounds of it are in solution -usually shiny, very dense, and only melt at high temperatures -Heat and electricity travel easily through metals |
| Molecule | -a group of atoms bonded together -the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction |
| Noble gases | -group 18 on the PT -they are all odorless, colorless, with very low chemical reactivity -nonreactive because they have a full outer shell(8) so they don't need any valence electrons |
| Non metals | - can form anions -have the opposite properties of metals - bad thermal and electrical conductors -Brittle solids - not malleable or ductile -barely any luster(shininess) - gain electrons easily |
| Non-polar bond | -a bond due to the sharing of electrons by two atoms who share the electrons equally |
| Physical change | -any change in matter that involves the substance going from one physical state to another(i.e liquid to solid) |
| Polar bond | - a bond due to the sharing of electrons by two atoms who do not share the electrons equally |
| Products | -formed from chemical reactions |
| Reactants | -a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction |
| Single bonds | - the weakest type of bond |
| Valence electrons | - the Octet rule states that every atom wants eight valence electrons in its outer shell -an electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond |
| WHY do chemicals react? | - because they all want to have eight valence electrons |
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