Mind map

HAMAD AT THE COOPERATIVE

mahmoud eladl English

Map content

70 years old, retired, married -CC: loss of consciousness
Causes of Syncope
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Glasgow coma scale
Cardiac conduction system
Electrocardiogram
- components
  - MONITOR
  - ELECTRODS
- normal ECG
- Leads
- Abnormal ECG
Sick sinus syndrome
- Pathophysiology
  - affects SA node
  - cause
    - idiopathic age-related fibrosis and cell atrophy leading to changes in the electrophysiology of the SAN
  - manifestation
    - Bradycardia
    - asystolic pause
  - lead to
    - dizziness and syncope
- diagnosis
  - Holter monitor
  - Exercise testing
  - Intracardiac electrophysiologic tests
- Signs and symptoms
  - Asymptomatic but may feel
    - Fatigue
    - Weakness
    - Dizziness
    - Lightheadedness
    - Fainting
    - Short breath
- Risk factors
- Prognosis
  - Patients who have sick sinus syndrome with only sinus bradycardia have a better prognosis.
- treated with Pacemakers
  - types
    - by number of leads
      - One lead
      - 2 leads
      - 3 leads (CRT)
    - implantation period
      - Temporary
        Heart attack
        Emergency
        Over-dose
        Heart surgery
      - Permanent
        Long term problems
  - Risks of the procedure
    - Bleeding from the incision or catheter insertion site
    - Damage to the vessel at the catheter insertion site
    - Infection
    - Pneumothorax
  - Indications
  - precautions after implantation
Anti-arrhythmic Drugs
- Class I (Na+ Channel Blockers)
- Class II (B Blockers)
- Class III (K+ channel Blockers)
- Class IV (Ca++ channel blockers)