11345142
Description
Mind Map by Yousaf Alabrash, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Yousaf Alabrash
about 7 years ago
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Growth Hormone
- site of origin
- Pituitary gland
- anatomy
- anterior lobe
- paras anterior
- acidophils
- somatotropes
- secrete GH
- secrete GH
- lactotropes
- secrete prolactin
- secrete prolactin
- somatotropes
- basophils
- gonadotrophes
- FSH and LH
- FSH and LH
- cotricotrophes
- ACTH
- ACTH
- thyrotropes
- TSH
- TSH
- gonadotrophes
- chromophopes
- acidophils
- paras intermediate
- colloid filled cysts
- secrete MSH
- secrete MSH
- colloid filled cysts
- paras distalis
- portal venules system
- at medial eminence
- portal venules system
- paras anterior
- posterior lobe
- paras nervosa
- infundibulum
- medial emenince
- medial emenince
- infundibulum
- paras nervosa
- infundiblum
- connection with
- hypothalamus
- hypothalamus
- connection with
- anterior lobe
- anatomy
- Pituitary gland
- release of GH
- physiology of hormone release
- hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract
- 1-hypothalamic nucleus secrete hormones
- supraoptic--oxytocin
- paraventricular -- ADH
- 2-released into the axons
- 3-stored in paras nervosa to be
released when needed
- 3-stored in paras nervosa to be
released when needed
- 2-released into the axons
- supraoptic--oxytocin
- 1-hypothalamic nucleus secrete hormones
- hypophyseal portal system
- 1-neuroendocrine cells in the
hypothalamus secrete hormones
- releasing hormones
- inhibiting hormones
- 2-released into the axons
- 3-at he medial eminence, they get
released into the portal venules to be
carried to the anterior pituitary to
stimulate or inhibit its hormonal releases
- 3-at he medial eminence, they get
released into the portal venules to be
carried to the anterior pituitary to
stimulate or inhibit its hormonal releases
- 2-released into the axons
- releasing hormones
- factors that regulate GH secretion
- pattern of release: pulsatile
- pattern of release: pulsatile
- 1-neuroendocrine cells in the
hypothalamus secrete hormones
- hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract
- physiology of hormone release
- actions on the organs level
- metabolic actions
- CHO
- hyperglycemic
effect
- muscles+adipocytes
- -- glucose utilization
- because of decreased sensitivity to insulin due to ++fatty acids level
- GH
- GH
- because of decreased sensitivity to insulin due to ++fatty acids level
- -- glucose utilization
- liver-++
gluconeogenesis
- muscles+adipocytes
- hyperglycemic
effect
- LIPID
- increase
lipid
catabolism
- adipocytyes
- stimulate Hormone sensitive lipase to breakdown the fats
- ++oxidation of fatty acids
- ++oxidation of fatty acids
- stimulate Hormone sensitive lipase to breakdown the fats
- liver
- stimulate ketogenesis (because of excess acetyl Coa)
- inhibit lipogenesis
- inhibit lipogenesis
- stimulate ketogenesis (because of excess acetyl Coa)
- adipocytyes
- increase
lipid
catabolism
- PROTEIN
- INCREASE
protein
anabolism
- muscles
- ++ aminoacids transport across membranes
- ++ RNA translation into proteins by ribosomes
- ++ DNA transcription into RNA to make proteins
- DECREASE PROTEIN cataqbolism (protein sparing)
- ++ aminoacids transport across membranes
- muscles
- INCREASE
protein
anabolism
- CHO
- growth
- go to liver and generate IGF-1
- growth of bone
- width
- stimulate osteoblasts
- increase bone desposition
on the surface
- increase in bone
thickness
- increase in bone
thickness
- increase bone desposition
on the surface
- stimulate osteoblasts
- length
- increase the metabolism of
chondrocytes
- increase the secretion of cartilage in the
epiphyseal cartilage
- increase the conversion of this cartilage
into bone
- increase the conversion of this cartilage
into bone
- increase the secretion of cartilage in the
epiphyseal cartilage
- increase the metabolism of
chondrocytes
- width
- growth of bone
- go to liver and generate IGF-1
- actions in the cell-- 3 signal
transduction pathways
- JAK/STAT pathway
- MAPK and PI3K/PKB pathways
- MAPK and PI3K/PKB pathways
- JAK/STAT pathway
- metabolic actions
- pathologies and their treatment
- GH excess
- before epiphyseal closure
- gigantism
- increase in length to 8-9 feet
- all tissue of the body growth rapidly
- hypopituitarism
- hypopituitarism
- all tissue of the body growth rapidly
- increase in length to 8-9 feet
- gigantism
- after epiphyseal closure
- acromegaly
- increase in bone thickness
- growth in soft tissue (heart-kidney)
- growth in soft tissue (heart-kidney)
- increase in bone thickness
- acromegaly
- main cause: GH secreting tumor
- treatment
- main line is surgery-2nd line: radiation
- 3rd line: pharmacological
- Somatostatin analog
- octreoline
- octreoline
- Dopamine agonists
- bromocreptine
- bromocreptine
- GH receptor antagonists
- pigvisomant
- pigvisomant
- Somatostatin analog
- 3rd line: pharmacological
- main line is surgery-2nd line: radiation
- before epiphyseal closure
- GH deficiency
- main cause: hypopituitarism
- child
- pituitary dwarfism
- patient becomes very short-sexual functions might be imparied
- patient becomes very short-sexual functions might be imparied
- pituitary dwarfism
- adult
- generalized symptoms
- decrease muscle mass - obesity -lack of energy - accelerated aging
- decrease muscle mass - obesity -lack of energy - accelerated aging
- generalized symptoms
- treatment
- depends on the cause
- GH is deficient
- recombinent hGH
- Saizen
- Saizen
- recombinent hGH
- IGF-1 is deficient
- rIGF-1
- Mecasermin
- Mecasermin
- rIGF-1
- Hypothalamic damage
- Synthesitic GHRH
- Sermorelin
- Sermorelin
- Synthesitic GHRH
- GH is deficient
- depends on the cause
- main cause: hypopituitarism
- GH excess
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