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1140040
Development of sense organs
Description
Undergraduate BMS236 Building Nervous Systems (MCD lectures) Mind Map on Development of sense organs, created by Kristi Brogden on 12/08/2014.
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bms236 building nervous systems
mcd lectures
undergraduate
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Kristi Brogden
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Kristi Brogden
about 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Development of sense organs
Annotations:
Key points Lineage-dependent vs competitive development What regulates sensory / accessory cell differentiation in sensory apparatuses?
Senses
General and special senses
Sensory neuron origins
Neural crest e.g. DRG
Neural tube e.g. retina
Placodes, e.g. olfactory epithelium, some cranial nerves (e.g.V)
C. elegans
Range of mechanoreceptors
e.g. gentle body touch, harsh body touch
Numerous touch-insensitive mutants screened
Touch cell lineage
Q cell lineage
Q cell – Q1a and Q1p
Q1p gives rise to GBT cell and an interneuron
Control of Q cell division
Loss of MEC-3 transforms touch cell
UNC-86 induces MEC-3
UNC-86 and MEC-3 combine to induce touch cell-specific genes
E.g. involved in
15 protofilament microtubules
specialised ECM
A form of lineage-dependent differentiation – an intrinsic blueprint
UNC-86 turned on in Q1p
Loss UNC-86 gives loss of touch cell
Drosophila
Mechanoreceptors
Numerous types of sensory structures
e.g. mechanosensory
Derived from sensory organ precursors (SOP)
SOPs for chordotonal organs express atonal
SOPs for external receptors express ct
Single innervated sensilla
NUMB is asymmetrically distributed between SPIIb and SPIIa
NUMB inhibits NOTCH pathway
Low NOTCH activity required for neural fate
To some extent lineage-dependent development
The drosophila eye
consists of ~800 ommatidia
8 photoreceptors R1-8
12 accessory cells
Atonal
During OM development, atonal expression is ↑ in R8 by posterior tip Hh
Atonal and R8 (Hh+) required for OM formation
Activates Notch and Delta producing spaced R8 cells
Interaction cascade
Subsequent OM development depends on cell-cell interaction
e.g. Bride of Sevenless on R8 causes R7 to become a photoreceptor and not a cone cell
Development of stereotypy by competition and rules rather than strict predetermination
Vertebrate
vertebrate eye
Retina - laminar structure
Derived from neural and non-neural ectoderm
Requires expression of Pax-6 (eyeless)
Ventricular progenitors produce types in sequence
Not separate progenitors
Neurogenesis of ganglion cells first
Cell production influenced by environment
The ear
develops from the otic placode
Forms into otic pit then otic vesicle (otocyst)
VIII ganglion is placodal
Hair cell development
Hair cell development regulated by cell- cell interactions
High notch activation = supporting cells. Low notch activation = hair cells.
Retinoic acid and thyroid hormone involved later
Hair bundle formation
Poorly understood
In human deaf/blindness Usher Ib myosin VII a altered
Ushers Id and If involve cadherins
Olfactory neurons
Olfactory receptor cells and secretory cells from basal cells
Form throughout life
Olfactory bulb neurons generated (at least in part) from SVZ
Rostral migratory stream
Lateral line
The lateral line detects water motion in fish
Like inner ear sensory systems
Contain sensory neurons -neuromasts
Develops from placodes
Primordial region of placode migrates towards the tail
Deposits neuromasts as it moves
Media attachments
Screenshot_2014-08-12_20.42.56 (image/png)
Screenshot_2014-08-12_20.45.36 (image/png)
Screenshot_2014-08-12_20.45.46 (image/png)
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