11832449
Description
Mind Map by Grace Fawcitt, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Grace Fawcitt
almost 7 years ago
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Memory- retrieval failure
- Encoding Specificity Principle (ESP)
- Tulving, 1983
- A cue must be present at both encoding and recall
- Tulving, 1983
- Context-dependent forgetting
- External cues
- Godden and Baddeley, 1975
- Studied deep sea divers recall of a word list
- Learning: on land
- Recall: on land
- Best
- Best
- Recall: on land
- Learning: on land
- Recall: in sea
- Recall: in sea
- Learning: in sea
- Recall: in sea
- Recall: in sea
- Learning: in sea
- Recall: on land
- Best
- Best
- Recall: on land
- In the two conditions in which
context of learning and recall
was the same, recall was better
- Accuracy was 40% worse in non-matching conditions
- Lead to retrieval failure
- Lead to retrieval failure
- Accuracy was 40% worse in non-matching conditions
- Learning: on land
- External cues
- State-dependent forgetting
- Carter and Cassaday, 1998
- Internal cues
- Studied effects of anti-histamines
on recall of a word list
- Recall: on drug
- Learning: on drug
- Learning: on drug
- Recall: not on drug
- Learning: on drug
- Learning: on drug
- Recall: not on drug
- Learning: not on drug
- Learning: not on drug
- Recall: on drug
- Learning: not on drug
- Learning: not on drug
- Anti-histamines cause drowsiness
- Matching internal states caused better recall
- Matching internal states caused better recall
- Recall: on drug
- Carter and Cassaday, 1998
- Evaluation
- Supporting evidence
- Godden+ Baddeley
- Carter+ Cassaday
- Increased validity
- Especially because retrieval failure is
shown to occur in real life situations
- Especially because retrieval failure is
shown to occur in real life situations
- Godden+ Baddeley
- Context effects not very strong
- Contexts have to be very
different for any effect to be seen
- Not a full explanation
- Contexts have to be very
different for any effect to be seen
- May only affect recall, not recognition
- Baddeley and Godden replicated
their study, but the divers had to
say if they recognised the word
read to them
- Performance was the same in all 4 condition
- Performance was the same in all 4 condition
- Baddeley and Godden replicated
their study, but the divers had to
say if they recognised the word
read to them
- ESP can't be tested
- Circular arguments aren't scientific
- Based on assumptions
- Circular arguments aren't scientific
- Real life application
- Going upstairs,
forgetting reason,
going downstairs
and remembering
- Going upstairs,
forgetting reason,
going downstairs
and remembering
- Supporting evidence
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