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121027
The halogens
Description
A level Chemistry (Reactions and elements) Mind Map on The halogens, created by mbaker25 on 03/06/2013.
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chemistry
reactions and elements
chemistry
reactions and elements
a level
Mind Map by
mbaker25
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
mbaker25
about 11 years ago
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Resource summary
The halogens
Boiling point increases down the group
Increasing strength of the van der waals forces
Size of atom increases
Electronegativity decrease down the group
Size of the atom increases
Electrostatic attraction between the valance electron and the nucleus decreses
A halogen will displace a halide from a solution if the halide is below it in the periodic table
Chlorine and sodium hydroxide make bleach
2NaOH + Cl2 ---> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
Disproportionation
Chlorine is oxidised and reduced at the same time
Water treatment
Chlorine and water
Cl2 + H2O <==> HCl + HClO
water and chloric (I) acid (HClO)
HClO + H2O <==> ClO- + H3O+
Hypochlorous ions
Chlorate (I) ions kill bacteria
Hypochlorous acid
Treatment of water
Kills disease-causing microoraganisms
Prevents reinfection
Prevents growth of algae
Eliminating bad tastes and smell
Chlorine is harmful
Gas-irritates respiratory systems
Liquid- causes severe chemical burns
Chlorinated hydrocarbons are carcinogenic
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