13516060
Description
Mind Map by Sophie Cooper, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sophie Cooper
over 6 years ago
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Labelling theory
- Definition:
- defining a person in a simplified manner and putting them in broad catagories
- defining a person in a simplified manner and putting them in broad catagories
- important part of student/ teacher relations (has good or bad impact)
- e.g 'troublemaker treated harshly but clever student encouraged to succeed
- can lead to self fulfilling prophecy:
- when student 'internalises' label so becomes them (their identity)
- CRITICISM: labelling can have positive effect
- CRITICISM: labelling can have positive effect
- Fuller 1984- found black girls at London comp labelled as low achievers so knuckled down to prove them wrong
- when student 'internalises' label so becomes them (their identity)
- Key theorists:
- Hargreaves-analysed which students were labelled by teachers in 1st year found were:
- Speculative- guessing about pupils have to deal with
- Elaboration- confirming or contradicting label
- Stablization- when teacher feels that they know the student(s)
- Stablization- when teacher feels that they know the student(s)
- Elaboration- confirming or contradicting label
- Speculative- guessing about pupils have to deal with
- Hargreaves-analysed which students were labelled by teachers in 1st year found were:
- Rist 1970- looked at how kindergartens streamed:
- found not just based on ability but appearance and family finance
- found not just based on ability but appearance and family finance
- Rosenthal & Jacobson- randomly selected students + said to teachers beyond average IQ
- Year later found that: gained more IQ than 80% and teachers believed greater advances in reading
- CRITICISM- other experimental studies didn't show effect
- Waterhouse (2004)-studies 4 primary/ secondary and found that teachers give student pivotal identity
- a core identity that the teacher uses to interpret student behavior and classroom events
- e.g if 'average' student becomes trouble some seen as temp. phase
- BUT trouble some student becoming well behaved seen as unusual and suspicious
- BUT trouble some student becoming well behaved seen as unusual and suspicious
- e.g if 'average' student becomes trouble some seen as temp. phase
- a core identity that the teacher uses to interpret student behavior and classroom events
- Waterhouse (2004)-studies 4 primary/ secondary and found that teachers give student pivotal identity
- CRITICISM- other experimental studies didn't show effect
- Year later found that: gained more IQ than 80% and teachers believed greater advances in reading
- KEY CRITICISM- relies TOO heavy on teacher agency (ability of teachers to influence students)
- Structural sociologists- schools encourage labelling in terms of ability
- Structural sociologists- schools encourage labelling in terms of ability
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