13591980
Description
Mind Map by Molly Burns, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Molly Burns
over 6 years ago
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Baddeley (1966)
- ABOUT
- AIM
- To find out if LTM encodes acoustically (based on sound) or
semantically (based on meaning).
- To find out if LTM encodes acoustically (based on sound) or
semantically (based on meaning).
- IV
- (1) Acoustically similar word list or
acoustically dissimilar
- (2) semantically similar word list or
semantically dissimilar
- (1) Acoustically similar word list or
acoustically dissimilar
- DV
- Score on a recall test of 10 words
- Score on a recall test of 10 words
- SAMPLE
- 72 men and women from the Cambridge University subject panel
- Volunteers
- There were 15-20 in each condition (15 in Acoustically Similar,
16 in Semantically Similar).
- Volunteers
- 72 men and women from the Cambridge University subject panel
- AIM
- PROCEDURE
- The participants are split into four
groups.
- Each group views a slideshow of a
set of 10 words. Each word appears
for 3 seconds.
- Each group views a slideshow of a
set of 10 words. Each word appears
for 3 seconds.
- ACOUSTICALLY SIMILAR CONDITION
- Participants get a list of words that share
a similar sound (man, cab, can, max, etc)
- The Control group get words that are all simple one
syllable words but they do not sound the same (pit,
few, cow, pen, etc)
- Participants get a list of words that share
a similar sound (man, cab, can, max, etc)
- SEMANTICALLY SIMILAR CONDITION
- The words share a similar meaning (great, large,
big, huge, etc)
- The Control group get words that are unconnected
(good, huge, hot, safe, etc)
- The words share a similar meaning (great, large,
big, huge, etc)
- The participants in all 4 conditions then carry out an “interference test” which involves hearing
then writing down 8 numbers three times.
- Then they recall the words from the slideshow in order.
- Then they recall the words from the slideshow in order.
- There are four “trials” and (as you would expect) the participants’ get better each time they do it
because the words stay the same.
- After the 4th trial, the participants get a 15 minute break and perform an
unrelated interference task.
- Then they are asked to recall the list again.
- This time the words themselves are still on display; it is the order of the words
the participants have to recall.
- This time the words themselves are still on display; it is the order of the words
the participants have to recall.
- Then they are asked to recall the list again.
- After the 4th trial, the participants get a 15 minute break and perform an
unrelated interference task.
- The participants are split into four
groups.
- RESULTS
- Difficulty recalling semantically similar words in the LTM
- Ppts found it difficult/confusing to recall acoustically similar words in the STM
- Difficulty recalling semantically similar words in the LTM
- CONCLUSION
- LTM encodes semantically
- STM encodes acoustically
- LTM encodes semantically
- EVALUATION
- GENERALISAIBILITY
- A volunteer sample might have more people with parrticularly good
memories who enjoy doing memory tests - not representative of people
in general.
- A volunteer sample might have more people with parrticularly good
memories who enjoy doing memory tests - not representative of people
in general.
- RELIABILITY
- It has standardised procedures that you could replicate yourself.
- It has standardised procedures that you could replicate yourself.
- APPLICATION
- Revision - If LTM encodes semantically, it makes sense to revise
using mind maps that use semantic links.
- Revision - If LTM encodes semantically, it makes sense to revise
using mind maps that use semantic links.
- VALIDITY
- Low ecological validity as the task is artificial and it is a lab experiment
- Low ecological validity as the task is artificial and it is a lab experiment
- ETHICS
- No significant ethical issues
- No significant ethical issues
- GENERALISAIBILITY
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