148317
Acute Asthma Exacerbation
- Pathophysiology
- Allergen
- IgE production
- Mast cells degranulation
- Release of histamine, bradykinies,
leukotrienes, prostaglandin, platelet
activating factor
- Vasodilation of capillaries
- Mucosal edema
- Mucosal edema
- Bronchoconstriction
- Mucous secretion
- Mucosal inflammation
- Airway obstruction
- Activation of lung receptors
triggering hyperventilation
- PaCO2 decrease,
pH increases
- Respiratory alkalosis
- Respiratory alkalosis
- No change in PaCO2
- Air trapping increases the pressure
and decreases the perfusion in alveoli
- Ventilation decreases
- PaCO2 increases,
pH decreases
- Respiratory acidosis
- Respiratory acidosis
- PaCO2 increases,
pH decreases
- Ventilation decreases
- Air trapping increases the pressure
and decreases the perfusion in alveoli
- PaCO2 decrease,
pH increases
- Activation of lung receptors
triggering hyperventilation
- Airway obstruction
- Vasodilation of capillaries
- Release of histamine, bradykinies,
leukotrienes, prostaglandin, platelet
activating factor
- Mast cells degranulation
- IgE production
- Allergen
- Treatment
- Bronchodilators
- Oxygen/ Ventilator
- Steroids
- Antihistamines
- Bronchodilators
- Clinical Presentation
- Chest tightness
- Coughing
- Dyspnea
- Wheezing
- Respiratory distress
- Chest tightness
- Diagnosis
- Blood work
- Arterial blood gases
- Pulmonary function test
- EKG
- Blood work
- Risk Factors
- Young children
- Smoking
- Recent viral or bacterial infection
- Environmental irritants
- Asthma history
- Atopic eczema
- Noncompliance to
asthma medication
- Young children
- Epidemiology
- 11 million people have asthma with
exacerbation each year in the US
- 180,000 deaths annually are
attributed to asthma worldwide
- Most asthma deaths occur
in ages over 45 years old
- 11 million people have asthma with
exacerbation each year in the US
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