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Muhammed’s Spleen is Palpable

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Mind Map on Muhammed’s Spleen is Palpable, created by Hyatt Alraeesi on 29/04/2019.
Hyatt Alraeesi
Mind Map by Hyatt Alraeesi, updated more than 1 year ago
Hyatt Alraeesi
Created by Hyatt Alraeesi almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Muhammed’s Spleen is Palpable
  1. Epidemiology
    1. BY RACE & ETHNICITY
      1. White people
      2. BY AGE GROUP
        1. 65-74
        2. % surviving 5 years
          1. 61.4%
        3. Leukocytosis Vs Leukemia
          1. both have High WBC count
            1. Leukemia
              1. Caused by genetic mutations
                1. More severe
                  1. WBCs don’t function properly
                  2. Always pathological
                  3. Leukocytosis
                    1. Caused by infections
                      1. pathological or physiological effects
                        1. Less severe
                          1. WBCs function normally
                    2. pharmacology
                      1. Imatinib
                        1. Action
                          1. inihibiting tyrosine kinase enzyme
                          2. Side effects
                            1. nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
                              1. edema/skin rash
                            2. Administration
                              1. given orally and metabolized by CYP3A4
                            3. Dasatinib & Nilotinib
                              1. Administration
                                1. orally
                                2. Action
                                  1. inihibiting tyrosine kinase enzyme
                                  2. Used in
                                    1. ALL
                                      1. CML
                                  3. high WBC count over 11,000 cells/mm3
                                    1. Only one type of WBC is affected
                                      1. Basophils
                                        1. may occur in people with a history of underactive thyroid disease, known as hypothyroidism.
                                        2. Monocytes
                                          1. indicate the presence of chronic infection, an autoimmune or blood disorder, cancer.
                                          2. Lymphocytes
                                            1. lymphocytic leukocytosis. It may also be linked to specific lymphomas and leukemias.
                                            2. Neutrophils
                                              1. neutrophilic leukocytosis: This condition is a normal immune response, such as infection, injury,, some
                                              2. Eosinophils
                                                1. If a person registers high levels of eosinophils, the body might be reacting to a parasitic infection, allergen, or asthma
                                              3. Causes
                                                1. Allergy
                                                  1. Drugs
                                                    1. Polycythemia vera
                                                      1. Leukemia
                                                        1. Stress
                                                      2. Leukemoid Reaction
                                                        1. Normal response & subsides after eliminating the stressor
                                                          1. WBC count 15,000-100,00 cells/mm3.
                                                            1. Dohle bodies
                                                              1. High NAP/LAP scores
                                                                1. Toxic granulations
                                                              2. Genetic tests
                                                                1. PCR
                                                                  1. using a blood sample or bone marrow cells To find the BCR-ABL fusion gene
                                                                  2. (FISH)
                                                                    1. FISH can be used to look for specific pieces of the BCRABL gene on chromosomes.
                                                                  3. Types of leukemia
                                                                    1. ACUTE leukemia
                                                                      1. > 20% blasts in bone marrow
                                                                        1. MYELOID
                                                                          1. AML
                                                                            1. gum infiltrates
                                                                              1. Auer rods
                                                                                1. 15-60yrs
                                                                              2. LYMPHOID
                                                                                1. ALL
                                                                                  1. newborns-14yrs
                                                                                    1. B-ALL is more common
                                                                                      1. Dense chromatin is found in mature cells
                                                                                2. CHRONIC leukemia
                                                                                  1. < 20% blasts in bone marrow
                                                                                    1. MYELOID
                                                                                      1. CML
                                                                                        1. 25-60 yrs
                                                                                          1. Philadelphia chromosome
                                                                                            1. Splenomegaly
                                                                                              1. Causes
                                                                                                1. Cirrhosis
                                                                                                  1. Cystic fibrosis
                                                                                                    1. Cytomegalovirus
                                                                                                      1. Lymphoma
                                                                                                      2. Symptoms
                                                                                                        1. Anemiaؤ
                                                                                                          1. Fatigue
                                                                                                            1. Frequent infections
                                                                                                          2. Basophilia
                                                                                                        2. LYMPHOID
                                                                                                          1. CLL
                                                                                                            1. common in adults
                                                                                                              1. Asymptomatic
                                                                                                                1. smudge cells

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