194404
Chemistry 2
- Monatomic elements
- 1 type of atom
- 1 atom separately
- Group 18 naturally monatomic
- 1 type of atom
- Molecules /
Diatomic
- 2+ atoms
bonded together
- Molecules of two
atoms called
diatomic molecules
- Group 17 naturally diatomic
- Most non-metals
- 2+ atoms
bonded together
- Periodic Table
- Represented by symbols
- Vertical columns=
groups / families
- Horizontal
Rows= Periods
- Horizontally increases atomic number
- Group 1
- Alkali Metals
- Form a base when
reacts with H2O
- Alkali Metals
- Group 2
- Earth Alkali Metals
- Form a base when react
with H20 but don't dissolve
more
- Earth Alkali Metals
- Group 17
- Halogens
- Salt forming
- Halogens
- Group 18
- Noble gases
- Inert Gases
- Don't take part in chemical reactions
- Noble gases
- Group A= Representative elements
- Group B= Transition elements
- Represented by symbols
- Metals
- Malleable
- Ductile
- Conduct heat
& electricity
- Lustre
- Dense
- High melting point
- Rusts/corrodes with
oxygen and H2O
- Left side of table
- 2/3 of elements
- Malleable
- Metalliods
- shiny/dull
- Malleable & Ductile
- Near steps/ boundaries
- Conductors- not as
well as metals
- Germanium,
Silicon, boron, sand
- shiny/dull
- Non-Metals
- Dull
- Don't conduct heat/electricity
- Can be in any
state of matter
- Brittle, break easily
- Low density
- Low melting point
- Don't form crystals
- Right side of table
- Dull
- Atomic structure
- Sub-atomic particles
- Proton & Neutron in nucleus
- electrons in valance
shell/ electron cloud
- Mass of atom= nucleus
- Volume of atom= cloud/shell
- Electron
- e-
- negative charge
- orbit nucleus because attracted to protons
- In uncharged, neutral
atom, electrons=protons
- e-
- Proton
- p+
- In nucleus
- positive charge
- mass of an atom
- atomic number
- p+
- Neutron
- n0
- In nucleus
- Mass of atom
- n0
- Sub-atomic particles
- Identifying elements
- Atomic #= # of protons
identity if neutral
- Mass #= # protons & neutrons
mass of atom
- Atomic number
- Mass number
- Atomic #= # of protons
identity if neutral
- Heterogenous mixture
- Not chemically combined
- Easily separated physically
- Retains original properties
- Not chemically combined
- Homogenous solution
- 1 substance dissolved in another
- Best mixed
- Solute in Solvent
- 1 substance dissolved in another
- Compound
- more than 1 type of atom
chemically combined
- fixed, definite ration
- same throughout
- can be easily
chemically broken down
- more than 1 type of atom
chemically combined
- Colloids
- Mixed together, not dissolved
- Permanently suspended
- Will not separate upon standing
- particles constantly
colliding= murky/ cloudy
- Mixed together, not dissolved
- Alloys
- Metals dissolved in metals
- stainless steel= iron & chromium
- brass= copper & zinc
- Metals dissolved in metals
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