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Qualitative Testing

carbon dioxide
1. white precipitate when a gas is bubbled through it
  1. lime water
chloride ion
1. bromide ion
  1. iodine ion
    1. yellow precipitate insoluble in concentrated ammonia
  2. cream precipitate redissolves in concentrated ammonia
    1. Silver nitrate acidic+ammonia solution
2. white precipitate redissolves in dilute ammonia
calcium or magnesium ions
1. alimunium ion
  1. copper cu2+
    1. iron Fe3+
      1. Fe2+
        pale green precipitate eventually goes brown/orange
        Sodium hydroxide solution
      2. brown precipitate
    2. blue precipitate
  2. white precipitate redissolves in excess sodium hydroxide
flame test using nichrome wire with nitric acid
1. brick red
  1. calcium
2. crimson
  1. lithium
3. lilac
  1. potassium
4. green
  1. Barium
5. yellow/orange
  1. sodium
carboxylic acid
1. fruity smell of ester on warming
  1. alcohol+conc H2SO4
water
1. blue to pink
  1. cobalt chloride solid or paper
2. white to blue
  1. copper sulphate
alcohol
1. fruity smell of an ester on warming
  1. carboxylic acid +conc H2SO4
sulphate
1. white precipitate insoluble in acid
  1. barium chloride solution followed by a dilute hydroxide
carbon to carbon double bonds
1. decolourises
  1. bromine water orange/brown
carbonate/hydrocarbon
1. effervescence giving out co2
  1. hydrochloride, sulphuric or nitric acid
hydrogen gas
1. gives a pop
  1. burning splint
carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas
1. goes out
  1. burning splint
oxygen
1. relights
  1. glowing splint
univeral indicator liquid/paper damp paper placed in a glass
1. red orange
  1. acid pH 1-4
2. orange/ yellow
  1. weak acid pH5/6
3. green
  1. neutral pH7
4. blue
  1. weak alkali pH 8/9
5. purple
  1. strong alkali pH10-14
6. red
  1. SO2 or HCL
7. blue/purple
  1. ammonia
8. bleached white
  1. chlorine CL2

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Qualitative Testing

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	Created by Victoria Mahon almost 10 years ago