Transportation

Annotations:

• Highway; in trucks via Public Carriers Truckloads (TL) Less than Truckload (LTL) Via private carriage
• Truckload shipping is the movement of large amounts of homogeneous cargo, generally the amount necessary to fill an entire semi-trailer or intermodal container. Atruckload carrier is a trucking company that generally contracts an entire trailer-load to a single customer. This is as opposed to a less-than truckload (LTL) company that generally mixes freight from several customers in each trailer. One advantage Full Truckload (FTL) carriers have over Less than Truckload carriers is that the freight is never handled en route, whereas an LTL shipment will typically be transported on several different trailers.

1. by Railway

   Annotations:

   • -box cars, hopper cars -flat cars, open tops -Gandola cars, refrigerated tops Rail intermodal-In containers or Highway trailers-Door to door-Terminal to terminal (ramp to ramp)
   • Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (rail, ship, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The method reduces cargo handling, and so improves security, reduces damage and loss, and allows freight to be transported faster. Reduced costs over road trucking is the key benefit for intracontinental use. This may be offset by reduced timings for road transport over shorter distances.
2. by Water

   Annotations:

   • - Inland waterways: carriers using the St. Lawrence river, the Seaway, and the Great Lakes. =HOMES +Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior. -Coastal Carriers: along the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts.
3. Air Carriers

   Annotations:

   • Serving Canada and USA
4. 3PLs

   Annotations:

   • 3rd vparty logistics -Forwarders -Domestic Consolidators -Freight brokers -Customs brokers -Ship brokers Manufacturing->Freight Forwarding->Customers
5. Other carriers

   Annotations:

   • -Courier services (UPS, FedEx, DHL) -Postal Services (Canada Post) -Auto Bus Service

Annotations:

• 1)The type and size of shipment 2) The transit time desired or required (urgent, fast or slow) 3) The geographical regions of the point of origin and destination 4) The distance from origin to destination 5) The transportation services that are available 6) The total Logistics cost including loadings, bracing (protection) and packaging costs. 7) The quality of service 8) The Consignor shipping facilities. 9) The Consignee receiving facilities. 10) The Physical characteristics of loads 11) The number of loads to be moved 12) The simplicity or complexity of effort needed to conclude the transaction

1. USERS

   Annotations:

   • Manufacturers, Importers, Exporters, Shippers
2. PROVIDERS

   Annotations:

   • Railways, motor carriers, airlines, marine carriers, 3PLs (3rd Party logistic providers
3. REGULATORY BODIES
   1. PROVINCIAL
   2. MUNICIPAL
   3. FEDERAL
   4. Highway Safety

      Annotations:

      • Speed limits Drivers permits Driving rules and Highway Signs
   5. Protection of Roads

      Annotations:

      • Weight Limits -Tare weight + cargo weight =85,000 Dimensions of vehicles Length= 53 ft H=8 ft W
   6. Economic Controls

      Annotations:

      • Acquisition and Cost of Licenses and Permits - Business permit=gov't control, economic control Fuel taxes.

Annotations:

• Mission: -Having right materials in the right place at the right time, at the most economical cost.

1. 7-Functional Element

   Annotations:

   • 7 components: -order entry -sales forecasting -procurement -inventory management -production scheduling -warehousing and distribution -transportation
   1. Sales Forecasting

      Annotations:

      • is the process of organizing and analysing information in a way that makes it possible to estimate what your future sales will be.
      1. 10-Factors

         Annotations:

         • external factors: Seasons Holidays special events competition direct and indirect external labour events changes in fashion styles births and deaths consumer earnings political events weather
   2. Procurement

      Annotations:

      • Acquisition of goods at the best 6 possible costin the right quantityright quality right timeright placefrom the right source
      1. SKU

         Annotations:

         • =SKU= Stock keeping unit= a unique identifier (number) for each distinct product and service that can be purchased or ordered from a supplier or vendor.
      2. JIT

         Annotations:

         • =JIT=Just in time system promotes the delivery of product directly from the factory to the retail merchant in time to be used or from parts manufacturers directly to a large scale factory such as an automobile assembly plant, without the use of customer warehouses.
      3. 4-Requests

         Annotations:

         • RFQ= request for quotation RFP=`` for proposal RFI=`` for information RFT=`` for tender
   3. Inventory Management

      Annotations:

      • -Safety stock=  to protect against uncertainties. -Tansit stock= inventory that is moving from one Plant or Warehouse to another Plant or Warehousing. -Warehouse= a commercial building for the storage of goods. - Reorder point- (mountaing graphic) -Lead Time= usually in the number of days it takes from the time an order is placed until it is delivered to the final destination (customer).
      1. Warehousing Managing Systems

         Annotations:

         • are computer driven warehouse management programs that are available from many software companies.
      2. 3 Types

         Annotations:

         • Raw materials work in process or semi finished goods finished goods
      3. Safety Stock
      4. Transit Stock
      5. Lead TIme
   4. Pareto Principle

      Annotations:

      • =Pareto Principal=20/80 20%of customers generate 80% of the business or 20% of products generate 80% of the business
   5. Order Entry
   6. Production Scheduling

      Annotations:

      • Scheduling is the process of arranging, controlling and optimizing work and workloads in a production process or manufacturing process. Scheduling is used to allocate plant and machinery resources, plan human resources, plan production processes and purchase materials. wikipedia
   7. Warehousing & Distribution
   8. Transportation
2. 3 Sections
   1. Strategic

      Annotations:

      • Some possible operational improvements in partnership with customers -cross docking -direct shipments -changes in product design -IT infrastructures 
   2. Tactical

      Annotations:

      • Functions include: -Customer service levels -Facilities location -Transport decisions -Inventory decisions -Benchmarking  Benchmarking is the process of comparing one's business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices from other companies.
   3. Operational
3. Companies Actions

   Annotations:

   • Must make decisions regarding their actions.
   1. Production

      Annotations:

      • what, how much, when
   2. Inventory

      Annotations:

      • what, raw materials, semi finished products, finished products, Buffer against uncertainty
   3. Location

      Annotations:

      • -Location: where to place facilities for production, where to place inventory storage.
   4. Transportation

      Annotations:

      • -Transportation: which modes (5 types)
   5. Information

      Annotations:

      • -Information: data collection and sharing
4. Functional Responsibilities
5. 11-Internal Supply Chain

   Annotations:

   • 11 activities: 1) Receiving 2) Incoming quality inspection 3) Inbound Materials handling 4) inventory control, 5) order processing 6) order picking 7) outbound Material handling 8) outbound quality inspection 9) packaging 10) traffic/ documentation/ customs 11) shipping
6. Logistics
7. HUMAN RESOURCES

   Annotations:

   • -Has over 700,000 jobs
   1. Strategic Human Resources Study
      1. Survey Data
      2. 6 Areas of the Study

         Annotations:

         • 1) The current and future business environment of the supply chain and logistics sector; 2) The imapct of technology on the sector and human resource sills requirements; 3) The current future employment profile of occupations in the sector
         • 4) The current and future skilled worker demand and supply 5)The current levels and types of supply chain training and future needs, and  6) Current human resource strategies
   2. Jobs
      1. Traffic Manager

         Annotations:

         • Interact closely with: - the sales department on marketing and partnership initiatives.-the purchasing department on obtationing economical transportation costs on materials purchased. -Negotiate Freight Rates Transportation Service levels, -Supervise, train and evaluate a staff.
         1. Position Requirement

            Annotations:

            • Positiion requirements: BS Accounting, Finance, Economics or equivalent experience -Review freight patterns -Initiate costumer contacts -Conduct in-depth analysis to ensure that fright costs are consistent with company objectives.
         2. Skills Required

            Annotations:

            • legal compliance -supervision and safety management, reporting skills, scheduling -analyzes information-dealing with complexity, deadline oriented, time management and problem solving-process improvement
      2. Traffic Freight Clerc

         Annotations:

         • Responsibilities: perform a combination of administrative and clerical shipping duties. -Use computer system for shipment booking tracking, logging, verifying and reporting
         1. Position Requirement
         2. Skills Required
      3. Transportation Manager
         1. Position Requirement
         2. Skills Required
   3. Salaries
8. Activities

   Annotations:

   • Raw materials Supply Chain Manufacturer - -

Annotations:

• air water railway pipeline