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2754150
Kantian Ethics_1
Description
An overview of Kantian Ethics, covering all of the major points for the exam.
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a levels
ethics
philosophy and ethics
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Mind Map by
Jason Edwards-Suarez
, updated more than 1 year ago
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polly arnold
over 9 years ago
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Jason Edwards-Suarez
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Resource summary
Kantian Ethics_1
The ideas from 17th century, to break ethics off from religion
Human reason in determining morality
Individual reason and autonomy
A sense of duty or obligation to act morally
Intro
Rejects empricism, and works on Apriori reasoning
Absolutist moral theory
Rejects happiness as a base for morality
Rejects subjective so creates an objective theory based on reason, not feelings
Kants walks reflect his theory, logical and coherent.
Heteronomous will: Doesn't act freely of make decisions
Autonomous: Acts freely and makes own decisions
Maxims and Moral laws
Maxim: A subjective moral principle
God created morals and we can uncover them through reason and maxims
Develop maxims into moral laws through good will
Causality: If you get hurt you want to find the cause (Apriori law)
Duty: Obligation to act morally
Absolutist
Deontological
Adolf Eichman: Hung 1962
Followed Kantian ethics
can lead to fanaticism
Went against Categorical imperative
Extreme Duty:
Done at cost to self
Rejects happiness as basis of morality
Taxonomy of duties: Allen W Wood
Duties to oneself e.g. Against lust, no lying
Duties to other e,g, Love by beneficence
Categorical Imperative
1> Universality
Follow maxims that can be universalised
2> Treat humans as ends not means to an end
Do not exploit humans
3> The kingdom of ends
Social harmony
Where everyone has common ideas of morality
HYPOTHETICAL IMPERATIVE
Moral commands
Conditional to personal motives and desires
Intention
Copernian revolution
we see the world through our senses
The world as we see it
Only know things as they appear to us
what we ought to do
Summum Bonum: The highest Good
Postulate Gods existence
Must be life after death
Only God can bring harmony to society
Strengths:
Emphasis on human worth
Human equality and harmony is central
Duty fits with human experience
Weaknesses:
No place for love
Compatibalism
Consequences are ignored
Do apriori moral laws actually exist?
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