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Psychological Explanations of Sz
- Diathesis-stress model
- A01
- Suggests Sz have bio predisposition to disorder then
stressful life event trigger psychotic symptoms
- Bio predisposition
- Psychological vulnerability
- Faulty thinking
- Environmental triggers
- Psychotic symptoms
- Psychotic symptoms
- Environmental triggers
- Faulty thinking
- Psychological vulnerability
- Suggests Sz have bio predisposition to disorder then
stressful life event trigger psychotic symptoms
- A02
- Research support
- Brown + Birley
- Found approximately 50% of people experienced major life event in 3
weeks prior to Sz episode, whereas only one in 9 weeks prior to that
- Found approximately 50% of people experienced major life event in 3
weeks prior to Sz episode, whereas only one in 9 weeks prior to that
- Brown + Birley
- D-s model poses more of a holistic
approach to explanation of Sz
- Takes in to account mental + social factors
- Takes in to account mental + social factors
- Research support
- A01
- Psychodynamic approach
- A01
- Abnormal upbringing leads to weak + fragile ego, can't contain ids
desires, therefore ego broken down leaving id in overall control of psyche
- Person loses contact w/ reality
- Can no longer distinguish between themselves
+ others, their desires + fantasies + reality
- Can no longer distinguish between themselves
+ others, their desires + fantasies + reality
- Person loses contact w/ reality
- Regression to state of 'primary narcissism' leads to hallucinating as
result of basic inability to distinguish between imaginations + reality
- Abnormal upbringing leads to weak + fragile ego, can't contain ids
desires, therefore ego broken down leaving id in overall control of psyche
- A02
- Research support
- Oltmanns et al
- Found parents of Sz patients behave differently
from parents of other kinds of patients
- Found parents of Sz patients behave differently
from parents of other kinds of patients
- Oltmanns et al
- Approach isn't falsifiable
- There is no way to disprove it
- It is also deterministic
- Claims that one thing
will lead to another
- Claims that one thing
will lead to another
- There is no way to disprove it
- Research support
- A01
- Family models
- A01
- Double-bind theory
- Bateson
- Contradictory signals by fam.
members lead to internal conflict
- Sz symptoms are result of trying to escape D-B
- Usually mother
- Sz symptoms are result of trying to escape D-B
- Bateson
- Expressed emotion
- Brown
- Fam. members display
high levels of EE
- Increases stress levels in patient beyond their
coping mechanisms, triggering Sz episodes
- Increases stress levels in patient beyond their
coping mechanisms, triggering Sz episodes
- Brown
- Double-bind theory
- A02
- Research support
- Brown et al
- Found relapse more likely where
fam. is high in 'expressed emotion'
- 58% VS 10%
- 58% VS 10%
- Found relapse more likely where
fam. is high in 'expressed emotion'
- Brown et al
- Cannot establish
cause + effect
- EE may be effect brought about by behaviour
of a Sz rather than being a cause of Sz
- EE may be effect brought about by behaviour
of a Sz rather than being a cause of Sz
- Research support
- A01
- Labelling theory
- A01
- Scheff
- Sz symptoms seen as deviant
from rules of 'normal
behaviour'
- If person displays these behaviours they may be
labelled Sz leading them to display more of the
symptoms
- If person displays these behaviours they may be
labelled Sz leading them to display more of the
symptoms
- Sz symptoms seen as deviant
from rules of 'normal
behaviour'
- Scheff
- A02
- Research support
- Rosenhan
- Found once label of Sz had been applied it
influenced way staff behaved towards patient
- Found once label of Sz had been applied it
influenced way staff behaved towards patient
- Rosenhan
- Too simplistic
- Fails to take into account
bio explanations
- Fails to take into account
bio explanations
- Research support
- A01
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