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Carbohydrates
and Lipids
- Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharide monomers
linked by condensation
- Types
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Ribose
- Glucose
- single sugar sub-units
- condensation = combination
of sub units and yields water
- Anabolic process; ATP required
- Types
- form disaccharide and
polysaccharide monomers
- di = 2 mono
- poly = many mono
- cellulose
- starch
- glycogen
- cellulose
- di = 2 mono
- Monosaccharide monomers
linked by condensation
- Lipids
- Triglycerides formed
by condensation
- fat in human adipose tissue
- sunflower oil
- 3 water molecules
- energy stores
- fat in human adipose tissue
- from 3 fatty acids
and 1 glycerol
- insoluble in water
- fats = liquid at
body temp solid
at room temp
- oils = liquid at room and body temp
- ester bond formed when acid
reacts with -OH group in alcohol
- released by aerobic cell respiration
- heat insulation for animals
- Triglycerides formed
by condensation
- Fatty acids
- Saturated
- single bond between C bonds
- maximum H
- single bond between C bonds
- Monounsaturated
- one double bond
- one double bond
- Polyunsaturated
- more than one double bond
- more than one double bond
- Saturated
- Unsaturated fatty acids
- one or more double bond
- cis isomers
- hydrogen on same side
as double bonded carbon
- bend in hydrocarbon
chain at double bond
- oils
- hydrogen on same side
as double bonded carbon
- trans isomers
- H on opp side as
double bonded C
- straight
- artificially produced to form solid fats
- H on opp side as
double bonded C
- one or more double bond
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