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Approaches and methods in language teaching

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Approaches and methods in language teaching
ANGEL LEONARDO ARMIJOS PIEDRA
Mind Map by ANGEL LEONARDO ARMIJOS PIEDRA, updated more than 1 year ago
ANGEL LEONARDO ARMIJOS PIEDRA
Created by ANGEL LEONARDO ARMIJOS PIEDRA over 3 years ago
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Resource summary

Approaches and methods in language teaching
  1. Major trends in twentieth-century language teaching
    1. Language as profession
      1. 1. History of early developments in language teaching
        1. 2. Nature of approaches and methods
          1. Approach and method
            1. 3. Procedure
              1. Texts-based lessons or units
                1. 5 stage sequence
                2. Communicative language teaching
                  1. Vocabulary, information
                  2. Situational language teaching
                    1. 5 activities
                    2. Techniques, practices
                    3. 2. Design
                      1. instructional materials
                        1. Instructional system
                        2. Teachers roles
                          1. Consultant, guide, model
                          2. Learners roles
                            1. learners regarded
                            2. learning and teaching types
                              1. Interaction
                              2. The syllabus
                                1. Target language
                                2. Objectives
                                  1. Process oriented - product oriented
                                3. 1. Approach
                                  1. Theory of learning
                                    1. Individual factors
                                      1. Learning styles, affective factors
                                      2. Constructivism
                                        1. internal construction
                                        2. Interactional theory
                                          1. Interactive process
                                          2. Skill learning
                                            1. Behaviors and practice
                                            2. Creative-constructtion hypotesis
                                              1. Language is a creative process
                                              2. Cognitive-code learning
                                                1. Developed in 1960s
                                                2. Behaviorism
                                                  1. Behaviors acquired
                                                3. Theory of language
                                                  1. Lexical model
                                                    1. Lexis intrinsically related
                                                    2. Genre model
                                                      1. Narratives, descriptions and explanations
                                                      2. Socio cultural model
                                                        1. Communicative activity
                                                        2. Interactional model
                                                          1. Interpersonal relations
                                                          2. Functional model
                                                            1. functional meanings
                                                            2. Structural model
                                                              1. Structurally Elements
                                                              2. Cognitive model
                                                                1. properties of the mind
                                                          3. 3. Oral approach and Situational Language Teaching
                                                            1. Procedure
                                                              1. The PPP lesson
                                                                1. Conclusion
                                                                  1. Discussion question
                                                                  2. Design
                                                                    1. Teacher roles
                                                                      1. Learners role
                                                                        1. learning / activities
                                                                          1. The syllabus
                                                                            1. Objectives
                                                                            2. Approach
                                                                              1. Theory of learning
                                                                                1. Theory of language
                                                                                2. approach / language teaching
                                                                                  1. Grammar control
                                                                                    1. Vocabulary selection
                                                                                      1. 4. Audiolingual Method
                                                                                        1. Approach
                                                                                          1. Theory of language
                                                                                            1. 1950s
                                                                                            2. Theory of learning
                                                                                              1. American psychology
                                                                                              2. Design
                                                                                                1. Objectives
                                                                                                  1. The syllabus
                                                                                                    1. Types of learning
                                                                                                      1. Learner roles
                                                                                                        1. Teacher roles
                                                                                                          1. Instructional material roles
                                                                                                            1. Procedure
                                                                                                            2. Audiolingualism decline
                                                                                                              1. Chomsky 1966
                                                                                                      2. Twentieth century
                                                                                                        1. Conclusion
                                                                                                          1. Emergence of methods
                                                                                                          2. Preparation programs
                                                                                                            1. past and present methods
                                                                                                            2. The methods era
                                                                                                              1. Notion of "method" itself
                                                                                                              2. The direct method
                                                                                                                1. Reformer methodology
                                                                                                                2. The reform movement
                                                                                                                  1. Speech
                                                                                                                  2. teaching innovations nineteenth century
                                                                                                                    1. approaches developed
                                                                                                                    2. The grammar-Translation method
                                                                                                                      1. Johann Seidenstucker
                                                                                                                        1. Karl Plots
                                                                                                                          1. Johann Meidinger
                                                                                                                            1. H.S. Ollendorf
                                                                                                                      2. The emergence of methods
                                                                                                                        1. teaching methods
                                                                                                                        2. The influence of Latin
                                                                                                                          1. multilingual world
                                                                                                                  3. Current approaches and methods
                                                                                                                    1. Communicative language teaching
                                                                                                                      1. Content - based CLIL
                                                                                                                        1. Whole language
                                                                                                                          1. Competency
                                                                                                                            1. Task based
                                                                                                                              1. Text based
                                                                                                                                1. Lexical approach
                                                                                                                                  1. Multiple intelligences
                                                                                                                                    1. Cooperative language learning
                                                                                                                                      1. Introduction
                                                                                                                                        1. Positive enviroment
                                                                                                                                        2. Approach
                                                                                                                                          1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                            1. Compatible other theories
                                                                                                                                            2. Theory of learning
                                                                                                                                              1. Sociocultural
                                                                                                                                            3. Design
                                                                                                                                              1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                1. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                  1. CLL
                                                                                                                                                  2. teachng and learning types
                                                                                                                                                    1. Johnson 1994
                                                                                                                                                      1. Formal
                                                                                                                                                        1. Informal
                                                                                                                                                          1. Cooperative
                                                                                                                                                          2. Learner roles
                                                                                                                                                            1. Collaborative
                                                                                                                                                            2. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                              1. Facilitator
                                                                                                                                                              2. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                1. Oportunities
                                                                                                                                                                2. Cooperative language
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Independent
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Traditional learning
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Non-dependet
                                                                                                                                                                3. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Gardner 1993
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gardner 1993
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Linguistic intelligence
                                                                                                                                                                      3. Design
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                          1. No goals
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                            1. No syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Teaching and learning types
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Nicholson Nelson 1988
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Learners roles
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Engage the process
                                                                                                                                                                                2. Teachers roles
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Campbell 1997
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Stage 1
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Stage 2
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Stage 3
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Stage 4
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Lewis 1993-1997
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Structurally elements
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Theory of learning
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Lewis 2000
                                                                                                                                                                                              3. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Stengers 2010
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Shin and Nation 2008
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Teaching and learning types
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Awareness activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Training in text
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Memory activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Retelling
                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Learners roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Active
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Several roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Course books
                                                                                                                                                                                                              3. procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Procedural sequences
                                                                                                                                                                                                              4. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. TBI
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Language theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Genre of discourse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Social process
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Learning theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Support TBI
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Learners analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Burns 2012
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Exchanges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Forms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Procedures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Information text
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Learning teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Text based
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Teachers roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Learners roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Authentic text
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Internet books
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Social media books
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Exploration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. deconstructing the text
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Construction the text
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. related texts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. TBLT
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. theory of learning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. learning and teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Learner roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Material roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Internet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. television
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Newspaper
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Task cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. task
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Planning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Report
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Post task listening
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Language focus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3. 1. Competency teaching
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Theory of learning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Learning and teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Learners roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Examples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3. 2. Standards movement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Approach, design and procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. 3. Common European framework
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Conclusion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Language theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Learning theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Learning teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Learners roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Teachers roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Material roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. CBI
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. CLIL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Theory of language
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Nature of language
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Theory of learning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Met 1999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Learning teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Learner roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Materials roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. CBI and CLIL models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. CBI courses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. theme based model
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sheltered model
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Adjunct model
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Skill based model
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. CLIL courses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Primary level
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Secondary level
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              3. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. 1971
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Versions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Approach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Language theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hymes 1972
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Communicative competence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. The syllabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Notional-functional
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Proposals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Specif purposes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Activities-teaching types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Fluency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Accuracy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Learner roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Teacher roles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Savignon 1983
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Criticisms of CLT
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Fossilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Native speakerism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Hird 1995
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Chowdhry 2010
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