Hard Hearing

Description

Mind Map on Hard Hearing, created by samah kannas on 07/11/2021.
samah kannas
Mind Map by samah kannas, updated more than 1 year ago
samah kannas
Created by samah kannas about 3 years ago
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Resource summary

Hard Hearing
  1. Ear Anatomy
    1. External ear
      1. Middle Ear
        1. Inner Ear
        2. Ear Physiology
          1. Maintaining balance
            1. Hearing process
              1. hearing pathway
                1. Hair cells in organ of Corti -> Bipolar cells in cochlear nucleus -> cochlear N -> trapezoid body -> superior olivary nucleus -> lateral lemniscus -> inferior colliculus -> medial geniculate body -> auditory radiation -> transverse temporal gyri
              2. Differential Diagnosis
                1. Mastoiditis
                  1. External ear infection
                    1. Foreign body impact
                      1. Perforation of tympanic membrane
                      2. Signs & symptoms
                        1. Ear Pain
                          1. Vertigo
                            1. ear discharge
                              1. Tinnitus
                              2. Investigations
                                1. Otoscope
                                  1. Audiometry
                                    1. Tuninig fork
                                      1. Rinne's test
                                        1. Conductive hearing loss
                                        2. Weber's test
                                          1. neurosensory hearing loss
                                      2. Confirmed diagnosis
                                        1. Otitis Media
                                          1. Risk factors
                                            1. Age : younger children has shorter eustachian canal
                                              1. Family History
                                                1. Craniofacial abnormalities
                                                  1. Altered immune status
                                                    1. Recurrent throat infections
                                                    2. Management
                                                      1. Use of antibiotic depend on patient factors
                                                        1. Severe infection signs
                                                          1. Age of patient
                                                            1. allergy to penicillin
                                                              1. IgA mediated reactions
                                                            2. Complications
                                                              1. meningitis
                                                                1. Brain abscesses
                                                                  1. Permanent sensorineural hearing loss,
                                                                    1. Mastoiditis
                                                                2. Epidemiology
                                                                  1. OM is a very common childhood disease. It is especially prevalent in children younger than 2 years of age. Furthermore, the earlier the first episode of OM, the greater the risk of subsequent recurrent OM and chronic otitis media with effusion.
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