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Description
Mind Map by Karina Lozano, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Karina Lozano
about 9 years ago
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Chapter 1: What is a Computer?
- What does a computer do?
- 1. Computers are programmable machines
- 2. Four steps to the information processing cycle (IPC)
- 1) Input
- 2) Processing
- 3) Storage
- 4) Output
- 1) Input
- 3. The IPC converts raw data into useful information
- 4. Artificual intelligence is concerned with making computers behave like humans
- 1. Computers are programmable machines
- A brief history of computers
- 1. First-generation computers used vacuum tubes
- 2. Second-generation computers used transistors
- 3. Third-generation computers used integrated circuits (chips)
- 4. Fourth-generation computers use microprocessors
- 5. Moore's Law states that the number of transistors
that can be placed on an integrated circuit doubles
roughly every 2 years - today it is closer to every 18
months
- 1. First-generation computers used vacuum tubes
- Bits and bytes
- 1. Computers use binary (base 2) number system
- 2. ASCII and Unicode are binary code character sets
- 3. A bit is the smallest unit of digital information
- 4. A byte is equal to 8 bits and represents 1 character
- 1. Computers use binary (base 2) number system
- Let's get personal
- 1. Desktop computers give you the most bang for your buck
- 2. Notebook or laptop computers are portable PCs
- 3. Subnotebooks and netbooks are specialized notebook computers
- 4. Tablets fall somewhere between notebooks and smartphones
- 5. The primary difference between a Mac and a PC is the software
- 1. Desktop computers give you the most bang for your buck
- Beyond the desktop
- 1. Smartphones and tablets are handheld mobile devices
- 2. GPS is a satellite-based navigation system
- 3. Wearables are computers worn on the body
- 4. Today's video game consoles are eighth-generation systems
with high-end graphics and processing
- 1. Smartphones and tablets are handheld mobile devices
- Multiuser computers
- 1. Servers provide services such as file and
print sharing and email to client computers
- 2. Minicomputers have largely been replaced by midsized servers that can
support hundreds of concurrent users
- 3. Mainframes and enterprise servers can process millions of transactions in a day
- 4. Supercomputers perform complex mathematical calculations for such things as
weather forecasting and medical research
- 5. Distributed, grid, and volunteer computing distribute processing tasks across multiple computers
- 1. Servers provide services such as file and
print sharing and email to client computers
- Ubiquitous computing
- 1. Ubiquitous computing is technology that's invisible to us
- 2. Embedded computers are found in everything from traffic lights to dishwashers
- 3. The convergence of technology allows us to carry a single
multifunction device that can do the job of many separate devices
- 1. Ubiquitous computing is technology that's invisible to us
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