3744401
B3a
- Mitochondria
- Cell
respiration is
carried out
inside
mitochondria
- Liver and muscle cells
have large numbers of
mitochondria because
they need large
amounts of energy to
carry out their
funtions
- Cell
respiration is
carried out
inside
mitochondria
- DNA Structure
- DNA molecules have
two strands coiled to
a double helix
- The double helix
has cross links
made of chemicals
called bases
- The double helix
has cross links
made of chemicals
called bases
- There
are four
different
bases in
DNA
- Each cross
link contains
two bases
known as
base pairs
- Each cross
link contains
two bases
known as
base pairs
- DNA molecules have
two strands coiled to
a double helix
- Chromosomes
- Long coiled
molecules of DNA
divided up into
regions called genes
- Long coiled
molecules of DNA
divided up into
regions called genes
- Protein
- Protein
structure is
determined by
DNA base code
- The order of
bases found in
DNA is called
base code. Each
three bases for
an amino acid
- For example, the
sequence CAA codes
for the amino acid
called valine
- For example, the
sequence CAA codes
for the amino acid
called valine
- The order of
bases found in
DNA is called
base code. Each
three bases for
an amino acid
- Protein Synthesis
- > To make
proteins the
DNA code must
be copied
(transcription)
- > The
copied code
is called
messenger
RNA (mRNA)
- > The mRNA
leaves the
nucleus and
travels to the
ribosomes
- At the ribosomes the
code is used to put the
amino acids together in
the right order and form
the protein (translation)
- At the ribosomes the
code is used to put the
amino acids together in
the right order and form
the protein (translation)
- > The mRNA
leaves the
nucleus and
travels to the
ribosomes
- > The
copied code
is called
messenger
RNA (mRNA)
- To make the
protein, a copy of the
gene is made as the
gene cannot leave
the nucleus.
- > To make
proteins the
DNA code must
be copied
(transcription)
- Protein
structure is
determined by
DNA base code
- DNA
- By coding for proteins, DNA
controls the functions of the
cells. For example, DNA
codes for the enzymes
involved in respiration.
Without these enzymes,
respiration wouldn't take
place
- Watson and Crick
used data from other
scientists to build a
model of DNA.
Originally, they
thought DNA was a
triple helix. They
needed an x-ray
photography taken
by Rosalind Franklin
to confirm it was a
double helix
- When scientists make
new discoveries it is
important that their
results are repeated by
other scientists. This will
help make their results
valid
- When scientists make
new discoveries it is
important that their
results are repeated by
other scientists. This will
help make their results
valid
- By coding for proteins, DNA
controls the functions of the
cells. For example, DNA
codes for the enzymes
involved in respiration.
Without these enzymes,
respiration wouldn't take
place
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