Responsible for
making laws,
confirms/rejects
president
appointments and has
the ability to proclaim
war
Includes 2 different federal houses
Senate
There are always 2
elected senators
per state resulting
in a total of 100
senators
The senators serve a
term of 6 years but
there is no fixed limit to
the number of terms a
senator can serve
Requirements include:
Minimum of 30 years of age
Being a United States citizen for at least 9 years
Be a citizen of the state they represent at the time of
election
House of Representatives
Members can be referred to
as a
congressman/congresswoman
Representatives
serve terms of 2
years
Requirements include:
Minimum of 25 years of age
Being a United States citizen for at least 7 years
Be a citizen of the state they represent
The total
number of
representatives
in congress is
435
Each state has a
different number of
representatives
depending on
population
Legislative Process
1. Referral: The Bills are sent
to the committees in the
Senate or House of
Representatives depending
on the procedure
2. Committee Action: When a bill
goes to a committee, it is placed
on a calendar to be voted on by
congress
3. Review: Bills are often
referred to a subcommittee for
hearings and being studied
4. Mark Up: When the hearings
are completed, the subcommittee
might have to mark up the bill/
make changes or amend the
document
5. Action to report a Bill: The
committee can conduct further
hearings or vote on any of the
subcommittee’s ideas and any of
their amendments
6. Publication: After a committee votes
on having a bill reported, the chairman
instructs the staff to prepare a written
report on the bill
7. Floor Action When the bill is reported, it
goes back to the place where it originated and
place in order on the calendar. The senate only
has one legislative calendar
8. Debate: The members vote on the bill and can
approve any amendments that were made.
9. Voting: The bills are either passed or defeated
10. Final Actions: After a bill is passed, it is then sent to the president where they
can approve it and sign it making it a law. They can take no action for ten days
and if Congress is in session still, then it is automatically a law. If Congress has
adjourned its 2nd session, then the bill is a “pocket veto” an is automatically
rejected.
11. Overriding vetoes If a president vetoes a bill Congress can attempt to override the veto
which requires a ⅔ roll call vote.
Levels of Legislative Branch
State Level
States are made up of legislatures made up of
elected representatives who consider anything
brought forth by the governor. The state legislative
can also approve a state’s budget and sets out tax
legislation. All states except nebraska have 2
chambers that make state laws and take care of
governmental duties. There is a smaller upper
chamber (Senate) and a larger lower chamber
(House of Representatives/ House of Delegates/ the
Assembly). The larger chamber often serves a
shorter term of two years.
Local Level
Local level governments have two different kinds of
branches. there are known as counties and
cities/towns. unlike federal government and state
governments (which share power), local
governments must be granted power by the state.
many different governing body that can be elected
include mayors city councils and other governing
bodies.