5110011
Description
Mind Map by Amy O'Farrell, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amy O'Farrell
over 8 years ago
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|
Grant
- Background
- Godden and Badeley 1975-
Studied the effects of
Context-Dependent
Memory on deep sea divers
- 2 Types of Memory;
Recall and Recognition
- Environmental cues
prompt memory
- In Recognition the
environment cues are
'outshined' by
themseleves
- In Recognition the
environment cues are
'outshined' by
themseleves
- Godden and Badeley 1975-
Studied the effects of
Context-Dependent
Memory on deep sea divers
- Key Terms
- Context Dependent
Memory(CDM)
- People remember better if
they are remembering
information in the same
context where and when
they learned the information
- People remember better if
they are remembering
information in the same
context where and when
they learned the information
- Recall
- Short-answer questions
where there are no
cues given
- Short-answer questions
where there are no
cues given
- Recognition
- Remembering some
information when cues
are given (eg multiple
choice questions)
- Remembering some
information when cues
are given (eg multiple
choice questions)
- Context Dependent
Memory(CDM)
- Aim
- Investigate CDM effects on
both recall and recognition
- Students may be using
study habits that do
not work in their favour
under test conditions
- Investigate CDM effects on
both recall and recognition
- Research Method
- Lab Experiment
- IV
- Study Context: Silent or Noisy
- Test Context: Silent or Noisy
- Study Context: Silent or Noisy
- DV
- Recall test: 10 Short-answer questions
- Recognition test: 16
Multiple choice questions
(each had 4 choices)
- Recall test: 10 Short-answer questions
- IV
- Independent Measures
- Lab Experiment
- Sample
- 8 Psychology Students
each chose 5 P's that
were aquaintances
- Opertunity
- Students had to have known the P's
and have been in there when asked
to take part in a study about CDM
- Students had to have known the P's
and have been in there when asked
to take part in a study about CDM
- Opertunity
- 40 Particpants
- 17 Females, 23 males
- 17-56 yrs,
Mean age=23.4
- 17 Females, 23 males
- 39 P's had recorded
data (1 male was
omitted score too low)
- 8 Psychology Students
each chose 5 P's that
were aquaintances
- Procedure
- Materials
- Each experimenter used their own
cassette player and headphones
- The 'Noisy' Condition
was a recording of
noise at lunchtime in
a University cafeteria
- Information learnt-
2 page article with
3 columns about
psychoimmunology
- Each experimenter used their own
cassette player and headphones
- Tests
- The Recognition
test; 16 Multiple
choice questions
each with 4 choices
- The Recall test; 10 Short
answer questions each
required a one-word/
short phrase answer
- The info in the
text was in the
same order as in
the test
- P's did the Recall test first, then
the recognition test(avoid cues
from the recognition test giving
them answers for the recall test)
- The Recognition
test; 16 Multiple
choice questions
each with 4 choices
- Lasted 30 mins in total
- Were read aloud the
instructions, can read and
highlight at same time
- Materials
- Controls
- Same Background noise
- Order of tests
- Always wearing headphones
apart from a 2 minute break
- Tested individually
- Highlight/underline
while reading the article
- Debriefed at the end (told
what the study was about)
- Same Background noise
- Data&Results
- Quantitive
- Quantitive
- Conclusions
- Students are likely to perform
better in exams if they study for
them with minimum background
noise
- Students get a better
score if they learn
information in the same
environment as the test
- Students are likely to perform
better in exams if they study for
them with minimum background
noise
- Evaluation
- Ethics
- Upheld
- Informed
consent
obtained,
Debriefed,
No harm
- Informed
consent
obtained,
Debriefed,
No harm
- Upheld
- Reliability
- Internal
- Replicable due to many controls,
Standardised procedure using a
controlled environment
- Replicable due to many controls,
Standardised procedure using a
controlled environment
- External
- There was a
consistent effect
between
matching and
mismatching
conditions
- There was a
consistent effect
between
matching and
mismatching
conditions
- Internal
- Validity
- Internal
- High deisgn
validity
- High deisgn
validity
- External (Ecological
Validity EV)
- Low- Don't have a 2
minute break between
learning the info to being
tested on it in an exam
- High- Tested in
a normal
environment
- Low- Don't have a 2
minute break between
learning the info to being
tested on it in an exam
- Internal
- Ethnocentrism
- Not Ethnocentric-
Investigates a
species-specific
behaviour.
- Ethnocentric-
Conducted in America,
results may be different
if conducted on others
who don't have a
western education
- Not Ethnocentric-
Investigates a
species-specific
behaviour.
- Debates
- Psychology
as a Science
- Lab Experiment; Scientific
criteria fulfilled, Supports
that Psychology is a
scientific descipline
- Lab Experiment; Scientific
criteria fulfilled, Supports
that Psychology is a
scientific descipline
- Usefulness
- Useful to a student
to an extent as long
as not everyone
uses it otherwise it
would cancel out it's
usefulness
- Useful to a student
to an extent as long
as not everyone
uses it otherwise it
would cancel out it's
usefulness
- Individual-Situational
- The Situation
determines
their
performance
- The Situation
determines
their
performance
- Freewill
-Determinism
- Results are
pre-determined by
basis of study
- Results are
pre-determined by
basis of study
- Psychology
as a Science
- Ethics
- Relates to...
- Cognitive Area
- Studies memory,
CDM of meaningful
prose in students
- Studies memory,
CDM of meaningful
prose in students
- Key Theme
Memory
- Effects of CDM on recall and
recognition of info, changed our
understanding by investigating
another aspect of Memory
- Effects of CDM on recall and
recognition of info, changed our
understanding by investigating
another aspect of Memory
- Cognitive Area
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