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Philosophy of Mind
Description
A Level Philosophy (Mind) Mind Map on Philosophy of Mind, created by graceemilybrown on 10/02/2014.
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Resource summary
Philosophy of Mind
SUBSTANCE DUALISM
Attachments:
Substance Dualism
FOR
LAW OF IDENTITY ARGUMENTS
INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION ARGUMENT
CRITICISMS
INITIAL OBJECTIONS
Mind cannot be scientifically investigated
Evolution
Localisation
THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM
(a) Interactionism
(b) Parallelism
(c) Epiphenomenalism
THE PROBLEM OF SOLIPSISM
Origins of the Problem
The Cartesian Legacy
Wittgenstein's Private Language Argument
THE PROBLEM OF OTHER MINDS
The Argument from Analogy
Problems with the argument from analogy
Wittgenstein's criteriological response to the problem of other minds
REDUCTIVE MATERIALISM
LOGICAL BEHAVIOURISM
FOR
It doesn't face the problem of mental causation
It avoids the problem of other minds
CRITICISMS
Behaviourism is vague (problems with dispositions)
Can we apply a behaviourist account to our own mental states?
Behaviour is caused by mental states
Qualia
MIND/BRAIN IDENTITY THEORY
FOR
No nomological danglers
The most economical explanation (satisfies Occam's Razor)
CRITICISMS
Individual Differences
The Identity is conceived too narrowly
Irreducibility of consciousness (QUALIA)
The conceivability argument
FUNCTIONALISM
CRITICISMS
The Problem of Qualia
Inverted Qualia
Absent Qualia
Blockhead Example
The Problem of Intentionality
Searle's Chinese Room Argument
Objections
The Systems Objection
Searle's Response
The Robot Objection
Dennett's Defence of Functionalism in response to Searle
FOR
Improvement on other materialist theories
Less species-chauvinist
Closely linked to research programmes in relevant disciplines
Research of computer scientists
Research of cognitive scientists
Research into biological teleology
NON-REDUCTIVE MATERIALISM
Emergentism
Supervenience
PROPERTY DUALISM
EPIPHENOMENALISM
SEARLE'S BIOLOGICAL NATURALISM
CRITICISMS
Objection to Searle's Micro/Macro Analogy
Searle wants it both ways (materialist and dualist)
Searle rejects reductive materialism
Biological Naturatism is a form of property dualism
Searle rejects any version of dualism
Why I am Not a Property Dualist (2002)
Causally reducible
Ontologically irreducible
The Traditional Terminology
Searle says conscious states are:
Ontologically subjective
Qualitative
Have intentionality
Have a spatial location
explained through microphysical processes
causally efficacious
ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM
FOR
It simplifies our ontology
Removes mind/body interaction body
CRITICISMS
Eliminative Materialism is counter-intuitive
Eliminative Materialism is self-refuting
Is folk psychology as hopeless as eliminative materialism suggests?
Nothing changes except terminology - Norman Malcolm
Patricia Churchland's Response
Many of the criticisms are based on a misunderstanding of the theory
Nothing is eliminated, rather EM is about the level of explanation
She would rather call it Revisionary Materialism
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